Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Thyroid Nodules: Comparison of Ultrasonographic, Cytological, and Histopathological Findings

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dc.contributor.authorGül, Kamile
dc.contributor.authorErsoy, Reyhan
dc.contributor.authorDirikoç, Ahmet
dc.contributor.authorKörüklüoglu, Birol
dc.contributor.authorErsoy, Pamir Eren
dc.contributor.authorAydın, Raci
dc.contributor.authorUğraş, Serdar Nevzat
dc.contributor.authorBelenli, Olcay K.
dc.contributor.authorÇakır, Bekir
dc.date.accessioned2020-03-26T17:41:03Z
dc.date.available2020-03-26T17:41:03Z
dc.date.issued2009
dc.departmentSelçuk Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractThyroid ultrasonography (US) and fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) are the most important tools in evaluating thyroid nodules. A total of 3,404 nodules in 2,082 cases referred to our clinic between 2005 and 2008 were analyzed retrospectively. Considering US features of nodules, risk factors predicting malignancy were: margin irregularity as the most important predictor, hypoechoic pattern and microcalcification (Odds ratios: 63.2, 13.3, 7.03, respectively). Cytologic results of the patients were as follows: 1,718 (82.5%) benign, 196 (9.4%) suspicious, 68 (3.3%) nondiagnostic, and 100 (4.8%) malignant. In histopathologic examination, we determined a malignancy rate of 7.59% (158/2082). We calculated the sensitivity of FNAB as 89.16%, specificity as 98.77%, positive predictive value as 96.10%, negative predictive value as 96.39%, and accuracy as 96.32%. In cytologic examination, the malignancy rate of subcentimetric (a parts per thousand currency sign1 cm) nodules was higher than supracentimetric (> 1 cm) nodules (5.1% vs. 1.5%, P = 0.001). In postoperative histopathologic examination, although the malignancy rate of subcentimetric nodules was higher than that of supracentimetric nodules, the difference was statistically insignificant (5.5%, 4.4%, respectively; P > 0.05). Cytologically diagnosed malignancy was detected in 4.5% of patients with multiple nodules, while it was present in 6% of patients with solitary nodule indicating no significant difference. However, postoperative histopathologic examination revealed a significantly higher malignancy rate in patients with solitary nodule compared to in patients with multiple nodules (11.7%, 6.5%; respectively, P < 0.001). The malignancy rate of patients operated for suspicious cytology was found to be 46.15%; for nondiagnostic cytology, it was 64.29%. In conclusion, ultrasonographically, hypoechoic pattern, microcalcification and margin irregularity of thyroid nodules are important features in determining the malignancy risk. The nodule size alone still remains inadequate to exclude malignancy risk.en_US
dc.identifier.citationUğraş, S. N., Aydın, R., Ersoy, P. E., Körüklüoğlu, B., Dirikoç, A., Ersoy, R., Gül, K., Belenli, O. K., Çakır, B., (2009). Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Thyroid Nodules: Comparison of Ultrasonographic, Cytological, and Histopathological Findings. Endocrine, 36(3), 464-472. Doi: 10.1007/s12020-009-9262-3
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s12020-009-9262-3en_US
dc.identifier.endpage472en_US
dc.identifier.issn1355-008Xen_US
dc.identifier.issn1559-0100en_US
dc.identifier.issue3en_US
dc.identifier.pmid19859839en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2en_US
dc.identifier.startpage464en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12020-009-9262-3
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12395/24001
dc.identifier.volume36en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000271501700018en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ4en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.institutionauthorUğraş, Serdar Nevzat
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherSpringeren_US
dc.relation.ispartofEndocrineen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessen_US
dc.selcuk20240510_oaigen_US
dc.subjectUltrasonographyen_US
dc.subjectFine needle aspiration biopsyen_US
dc.subjectCytologyen_US
dc.subjectHistopathologyen_US
dc.titleUltrasonographic Evaluation of Thyroid Nodules: Comparison of Ultrasonographic, Cytological, and Histopathological Findingsen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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