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Öğe An 8-year longitudinal sero-epidemiological study of bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) infection in dairy cattle in Turkey and analysis of risk factors associated with BLV seropositivity(SPRINGER, 2015) Sevik, Murat; Avci, Oguzhan; Ince, Omer BarisEnzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) which is caused by bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) has an important economic impact on dairy herds due to reduced milk production and restrictions on livestock exports. This study was conducted to determine the BLV infection status in Central Anatolia Region of Turkey, an important milk production centre, and to examine the risk factors such as purchasing cattle, increasing cattle age, cattle breed and herd size associated with transmission of BLV infection. To estimate the rate of BLV infection, a survey for specific antibodies in 28,982 serum samples from animals belonging to 1116 different herds situated in Central Anatolia Region of Turkey were tested from January 2006 to December 2013. A generalized mixed linear model was used to evaluate the risk factors that influenced BLV seroprevalence. Antibodies against BLV were detected in 431 (2.28 %) of 18,822 Holstein and 29 (0.28 %) of 10,160 Brown Swiss cows. Among 1116 herds, 132 herds (11.82 %) had one or more positive animals. Also results of our study show that the prevalence of BLV infection increased from 2006 to 2011, and it tends to reduce with BLV control programme. Furthermore, we found positive associations between percentage of seropositive animal and increasing cattle age, herd size, cattle breed and purchased cattle. Age-specific prevalence showed that BLV prevalence increased with age. These factors should be taken into consideration for control of BLV infection.Öğe Bovine Coronavirus (BoCV) Infection in Calves with Diarrhoea and Their Dams(UNIV FED RIO GRANDE DO SUL, 2016) Yavru, Sibel; Yapici, Orhan; Kale, Mehmet; Sahinduran, Sima; Pehlivanoglu, Faruk; Albay, Metin Koray; Avci, OguzhanBackground: Bovine coronavirus (BoCV) is common with high seroprevalence in dairy cattle. It is reported in many countries. Also, BoCV causes diarrhea in dairy calves. The transmission of BoCV is the fecal-oral/aerosol-nasal routes. Feces from clinical cases or clinically normal dairy cattle are source of infection, also contamination of feed and water. The purpose of the current study was to investigate BoCV infection in diarrheic calves (age and sex) and their dams (age). For this reason, the serological and virological methods were used. Haematological parameters of the calves and their dams were compared using the statistical methods. Materials, Methods & Results: In this study, following clinical examination of 3500 cattle and their calves from 25 number of dairy farms 184 calves with diarrhoea and their dams (183) (>= 2 - <= 6 age) were sampled for BoCV presence by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Additionally, all blood samples were examined by hematological methods. 172 (93.99%) cows and 172 (93.99%) calves were found antibodies (Ab) positive (+). The high levels of Ab for BoCV were detected as 36.05 % in dams 6 years and older ages. In the calves, Ab to BoCV were found at the highest level (25.26%) in the female calves >= 5 - <= 6 months ages. BoCV antigen (Ag) was detected in only faecal sample of a (0.54%) calf. When the haematological parameters were compared between BoCV Ab (+) and BoCV Ab negative (-) dams, only white blood cell (WBC) values were found statistically significant (P < 0.05). When the haematological parameters were compared between BoCV Ab (+)/Ag (-) and BoCV Ab (-)/Ag (-) calves, WBC (P < 0.05), lymphocyte (P < 0.01) and granulocyte (P < 0.01) values were found statistically important. When the haematological parameters were compared between BoCV Ab (+)/Ag (+) and BoCV Ab (-)/Ag (-) calves, both lymphocyte and granulocyte values were statistically important (P < 0.01). Discussion: BoCV infection has found worldwide among cattle of all ages. The disease results in major economic losses in dairy herds that result from treatment costs and calf deaths. One hundred seventy two out of 183 mothers whose blood sampling was done were detected as seropositive. Many researchers found similar results in dairy cattle. It was detected the highest seropositivity in cattle more than six years old. One hundred seventy two blood samples out of 184 calves were detected seropositive. Also, the highest seropositivity was detected among of > 5 and < 6 months of age. BoCV Ag (+) presence was detected in only one faecal sample of one calf out of 184. Researchers were found same or higher BoCV Ag(+) rates in faeces of diarrheic calves. In the study lymphocyte counts of seropositive cows and in Ab(+)/Ag(+) calves determined decrease. However, the counts in seropositive calves were increased. Leukocytes levels were also high in seropositive calves. Haematocrit values were decreased in seropositive cows, calves and in Ab(+)/Ag(-) calves. BoCV infections were detected at low level in diarrheic calves. But, BoCV seropositive mature and diarrheic calves were found at high levels. Haematological application methods could be used to be supportive with the serological and virological methods. All farm managements should be maintained with strict hygiene practices. Milking bottle, calf pens or hutches need to be sanitized. The calves must be prevent contamination from faeces and urine of other calves. The protective vaccination must be applied all animals.Öğe Bovine Leukemia Virus Antibodies in Dairy Cattle Farms and Milk Cooling Tanks(UNIV FED RIO GRANDE DO SUL, 2014) Kale, Mehmet; Hasircioglu, Sibel; Yavru, Sibel; Yapici, Orhan; Gur, Sibel; Avci, Oguzhan; Sunar, OmerBackground: Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a retrovirus. It is common infectious viruses of cattle with worldwide distribution. Milk from infected cows often contains BLV-infected cells are a common cause of infection. Eradication and control of BLV is based on early diagnostic. Both serum and milk samples can be tested by ELISA and it is possible to test either individual samples or, at a herd level, milk cooling tanks (MCT) samples. The aim of this study is to determine BLV antibodies (Abs) in the MCT, milk cans, and individual blood and milk samples of dairy cows in dairy cattle managements located in Burdur center and its districts and to follow and study the infection on the milk production chain. Materials, Methods & Results: Milk samples were collected from 50 main MCT. Studies were carried out in the managements that seven BLV Ab (+) and seven Ab (-) in their main MCT were located. For this purpose, milk samples were collected from mixed milk cans that were collected from managements providing milk for main MCT. Blood and milk samples were collected from dairy cows, housed in managements where BLV Ab (+) and Ab (-) was detected. Highest and lowest percent BLV (+) management, percent BLV (+) can numbers and percent milk amount were in 1 ton and 2 ton MCT, respectively. Moreover, these parameters were paralleled in all MCT. Percent BLV (+) and milk amounts were highest in 3 ton MCT and lowest in 2 ton MCT. In addition, these parameters were paralleled in all MCT. Distributions in BLV (+) managements ranged from 15 to 75%. It was detected at the individual animal levels, BLV (+) milk sample distributions ranged between 7.4 and 38.4%. Age range of the BLV (+) cows was between 3 and 11 years. Individual BLV tests between milk and serum samples were correlated positively in 5 managements (71.4%). On the other hand, the correlation was not detected in 2 of the managements (28.6%) that the individual milk and serum samples were collected. BLV (+) managements (%), BLV (+) cans (%) and milk volumes (%) were highest in 1 ton MCT and lowest in 3 ton MCT as BLV Ab (-). In addition, these 3 parameters were correlated in all MCT. BLV (+) cow numbers (%) and milk yields of the cows (%) were also correlated in all MCT. Although the MCT were found to be BLV (-), 3.9-37.5 % of the managements that provided milk to BLV (-) MCT were BLV (+). Furthermore, only 7.2-9.2 % of individual milk tests for the cows in managements that provided milk into BLV (+) MCT was BLV (+). Age of the BLV (+) animals was ranged between 3 and 11 in all MCT. The individual BLV tests between milk and serum samples were correlated positively in two managements (28.6 %). On the other hand, the correlation was not detected in 5 of the managements (71.4 %) that the individual milk and serum samples were collected. Discussion: The current study concluded that sampling milk cans is more appropriate than sampling MCT for BLV program. There was a correlation among the number of BLV (+) managements providing milk to milk tanks, number of cans and amount of milk in the cans. Furthermore, there was a correlation between the number of BLV (+) animals and milk volume of BLV (+) animals. Stage of a lactation period could be important for BLV screening since this appeared to affect the BLV test outcomes. There were also no effects of BLV infection on the milk yield and were no correlations between the individual blood and milk sample tests from the same animals. Moreover, blood samples of the cows with Ab (-) milk samples should be tested individually for BLV infection.Öğe Canine coronavirus infection in dogs in Turkey: Virological and serological evidence(AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION CENTRE, 2016) Avci, Oguzhan; Bulut, Oya; Yapici, Orhan; Hasircioglu, Sibel; Simsek, AtillaIn the present study, virological and serological investigations were performed to determine the presence and prevalence of Canine corona virus (CCoV) infection in dog population in Turkey. Sera samples were analyzed for specific antibodies against CCoV by indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (i-ELISA) while leukocyte samples were inoculated onto monolayers of Madin Darby Canine Kidney permanent cell culture. The cells were examined for viral antigen by direct immunofluorescence (IF) test after third passage. CCoV seropositivity was found in 46 (24.46%) of 188 dogs by indirect ELISA while only one leukocyte sample (0.53%) was detected as antigen positive by IF. Seropositive and antigen identification results were considered as indication of infection. From the results of this study it can be concluded that CCoV infection is widespread in the Turkish dog population and the virus may be attributed to be one of the important viral agents in dogs. In conclusion diagnosis of CCoV is difficult because it can easily be mixed with respiratory, enteric and generalized infections by other viral, bacterial and parasitic agents, but diagnosis and the vaccine application are essential for the control and prevention of CCoV infections.Öğe Changes in Hematological Parameters in Cattle Infected with Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus(UNIV FED RIO GRANDE DO SUL, 2014) Avci, Oguzhan; Yavru, Sibel; Bulut, OyaBackground: The bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) causes mucosal lesions, respiratory disorders, spontaneous abortion, congenital abnormalities, and stillbirth in cattle and wild ruminant populations worldwide. Clinical categories of BVDV infection include persistent subclinical infection, acute transient infection, and mucosal disease. Virus neutralization, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction have been used for the detection of BVDV-infected cattle, but are time-consuming and costly methods, especially when screening large herds for persistent subclinical infections. In the current research, it was hypothesized that hemogram and blood gas values can be valuable indicator in the diagnosis and prognosis of infectious disease like metabolic disorders. The aim of this current study was to determine whether changes in the hematological parameters of BVDV-infected cattle represent potentially useful diagnostic factors. Materials, Methods & Results: Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein of 15 BVDV-antigen-positive (sick group) and 15 BVDV-antigen-negative (control group) Holstein cattle on a dairy farm in Konya Province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey between January 2012 and September 2012. The presence of the BVDV antigen in the blood samples was determined with commercially available ELISA kit by using ELISA reader. Hemogram parameters [white blood cell counts (WBC), lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, red blood cell counts (RBC), hematocrit (Hct), hemoglobin (Hb) and thrombocyte counts (THR)] obtained from anticoagulated bloods were measured with automatic cell counter. Blood gas values [power of hydrogen (pH), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO(2)), partial pressure of oxygen (pO(2)), sodium (Na+2), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca+2), glucose (Glu), lactate (Lac), actual bicarbonate (HCO3act), standard bicarbonate (HCO(3)std), total carbon dioxide (tCO(2)), base excess in vivo (BEvv), base excess in vitro (BEvt), oxygen content (sO(2))] were measured by blood gas analyzer. The data for the antigen-positive cattle were compared to those of the control cattle using independent-sample t-tests (SPSS 19.0 for windows). The results were expressed as Mean +/- Standard Deviation. Difference were considered signifi cant when P<0.05. The white blood cell count, the relative proportions of lymphocytes and monocytes; the pO(2) and sO(2) values; and the serum levels of sodium and potassium in the BVDV-antigen-positive cattle were signifi cantly lower (P<0.05) than those of the control cattle. By contrast, the relative proportion of granulocytes, the total CO2 value, and the serum levels of actual bicarbonate and standard bicarbonate in the BVDV-antigen-positive cattle were signifi cantly higher (P<0.05) than those of the control cattle. Discussion: Bovine viral diarrhea virus infection is a common viral disease in cattle and wild ruminant populations in the world. BVDV may result in mucosal, reproductive and respiratory disorders, abortions, mummifi cation, congenital anomalies, and still-births. Changes in the numbers of the various WBCs, blood gas values, and biochemical parameters might be useful diagnostic factors for the preliminary identifi cation of BVDV infection in cattle. Leukopenia and lymphopenia might also represent important prognosticators for BVDV-infected cattle because of the increased risk of secondary infections.Öğe Comparison of effectiveness of parenteral lincomycin/spectinomycin combination and dexpanthenol application in goat kids with contagious ecthyma(POLISH SOC VETERINARY SCIENCES EDITORIAL OFFICE, 2018) Kasap, Sevim; Temizel, Ethem Mutlu; Karaku, Adil Omer; Avci, Oguzhan; Buyukcangaz, Esra; Senturk, Sezgin; Kavukcu, FatihContagious ecthyma (CE) is a highly contagious viral skin disease that is typically self-limited. Treatment options include topical antiseptics, such as KMNO4, local antibiotics and systemic antibiotics to prevent secondary skin infections. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of the lincomycin/spectinomycin combination and dexpanthenol (Dxp) in goat kids with CE. The study was conducted at a Saanen dairy goat farm in Bursa, Turkey. The owner of the goat herd inquired at the veterinary hospital about the appearance of granulomatous lesions on the muzzles of goat kids. In this study, 24 goat kids (1-month-olds) were used. All animals were subjected to the same conditions. Blood and papule samples were taken from the animals' lips, muzzle and buccal mucosa for virological analysis. Swab samples were taken from the lesions for culture and antibiogram. The animals were divided into three groups. Lesions were clinically scored at days 1, 7 and 15 according to a modified previously used scoring system. Goat kids were equally grouped on the basis of lesions on the buccal mucosa, lips and muzzle. The animals in group A received 15 mg/kg lincomycin/spectinomycin combination (Lypectin*, Vilsan) intramuscularly for 3 consecutive days, group B received 20 mg/kg Dxp (Bepanthen* amp, Bayer, Germany) intramuscularly for 3 consecutive days, and group C received 0.9% NaCl (2 ml), the control treatment. Clinical recoveries were almost equal in all groups, but by day 14, group A showed better recovery than group B and group C. Both study groups also showed better results than the control group for all days. In conclusion, we believe that the lincomycin/spectinomycin combination or dexpanthenol can be useful in the supplementary treatment of CE in goat kids.Öğe Comparison of manual and automated nucleic acid extraction methods for detection of peste des petits ruminants virus rna(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2015) Sevik, Murat; Avci, Oguzhan; Ince, Omer BarisPeste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an economically important contagious disease of small ruminants. PCR-based techniques have been successfully used for rapid diagnosis of PPR. The method used for isolation of RNA from tissue samples is an important concern when using reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) methods for the detection of PPR virus (PPRV). In this study, a commercial kit for manual preparation and an automated processing technique for RNA extraction were compared in terms of performance. Thirty-two small ruminants, each from different flocks, with PPR suspect submitted to laboratory were chosen to compare manual and automated extraction methods for the detection of PPRV. Vero cells were used for PPRV isolation. One-step RT-PCR was used for the detection of PPRV RNA. From the 32 submitted samples, CPE was observed in 11 samples. PPRV nucleic acid was detected in 11 of 32 samples that were manually extracted, while viral RNA was detected in 9 of 32 extracts prepared by the robot. Two samples that were negative with automated extraction were weakly positive in manual extraction. RNA quality and quantity were assessed using a spectrophotometer. According to the results, difference in quantity among two methods was statistically significant (P<0.0001, two-tailed paired t-test), and manual extraction method is suitable for detection of low amounts of PPRV RNA in clinical samples.Öğe Corynebacterium cutis Lysate Treatment Can Increase the Efficacies of PPR Vaccine(MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC, 2016) Dik, Burak; Dik, Irmak; Bahcivan, Emre; Avci, OguzhanThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) vaccine on cytokine and antibody levels in sheep when administered alone or in combination with Corynebacterium cutis lysate (CCL). The PPR vaccine group received a single subcutaneous axillary injection of the PPR vaccine (1mL containing tissue culture infectious dose (TCID)(50) attenuated live PPRV, n=6) and the combination treatment (1mL CCL and 1mL PPR vaccine, n=6) groups received a single subcutaneous axillary injection of both CCL and PPR vaccine. Blood samples were collected from sheep before the treatment and at different points after treatment (1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days). Plasma and serum samples were evaluated for antibody percentage, levels of cytokines IL-6, IL-10, IFN-, IL-4, IL-12, and IL-18, oxidative stress marker Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and hematological and biochemical parameters. Maximum protective antibody levels reach 3-4 weeks after vaccine administration. The combination treatment resulted in significant changes in IFN-, IL-4, IL-12, and IL-18 cytokine levels. These changes were not evident when only the PPR vaccine was administered and antibody percentage against PPRV was short term in PPR vaccine group. In conclusion, combined usage of the PPR vaccine with CCL resulted in a heightened cytokine response, leading to improved antibody level against PPR virus. Repeated CCL treatments can lead to earlier vaccine potency, provide protective efficacy for a longer time, and increase passive immunity.Öğe Detection of Antibodies against Equine Herpes Virus-1 and Equine Herpes Virus-4 in Horses in Southeast Anatolia by Indirect Elisa(UNIV FED RIO GRANDE DO SUL, 2014) Avci, Oguzhan; Yavru, Sibel; Tokgoz, Selim; Kale, MehmetBackground: Equine herpes viruses are a major cause of severe illness and mortality in domestic horses worldwide. Equine Herpes Virus-1 and Equine Herpes Virus-4 are genetically and antigenically related viruses. Equine Herpes Virus-1 infection is common in horses throughout the world, resulting in abortion and neonatal fetal death, respiratory disease, paresis, sporadic myelitis, myeloencephalopathy, and latent infections. Equine Herpes Virus-4, an important equine viral pathogen, causes respiratory tract disease in horses worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of Equine Herpes Virus-1 and Equine Herpes Virus-4 antibodies in domestic horses in Southeast Anatolia. Materials, Methods & Results: In this study, the blood serum samples of 150 unvaccinated domestic horses were tested for equine herpes viruses including Equine Herpes Virus-1 and Equine Herpes Virus-4 specific antibodies. Blood serum samples were collected from the jugular vein of horses in five different provinces (Adiyaman, Diyarbakir, Gaziantep, Kilis, Sanliurfa) in Southeast Anatolia between November 2011 to January 2012. The presence of the Equine Herpes Virus-1 and Equine Herpes Virus-4 antibodies in the samples was determined with commercially available indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kits by using ELISA reader. The optical values of the micro plates were measured at 450 nm. The differences between Equine Herpes Virus-1 and Equine Herpes Virus-4 prevalence were evaluated with chi-square test (Minitab 14.0 Inc., State College, PA, USA). Difference were considered significant when P < 0.05. Equine Herpes Virus-1 and Equine Herpes Virus-4 specific antibodies were detected as in Adiyaman, Diyarbakir, Gaziantep, Kilis, Sanliurfa as 30% (9/30), 50% (15/30), 0% (0/30), 46.66% (14/30), 46.66% (14/30), 80%(24/30), 73.3% (22/30), 0% (0/30), 83.3% (25/30), 100% (30/30), respectively. Of the serum samples tested, 34.66% (52/150) and 67.33% (101/150) were found to be positive for Equine Herpes Virus-1 and Equine Herpes Virus-4 antibodies, respectively. Thirty horses were determined as seronegative both Equine Herpes Virus-1 and Equine Herpes Virus-4 infections in Gaziantep while 30 samples were found to be seropositive for Equine Herpes Virus-4 in Sanliurfa. Discussion: Equine Herpes Virus-1 and Equine Herpes Virus-4 belong to the Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily of the Herpesviridae family. Equine Herpes Virus-1 and Equine Herpes Virus-4 have DNA as their genetic material. Equine Herpes Virus-1 and Equine Herpes Virus-4 have a capsid, which displays icosahedral symmetry and is surrounded by a lipid envelope composed of various glycoproteins. Equine Herpes Virus-1 and Equine Herpes Virus-4 infections are common in equine animals in the worldwide. In epidemiological research on Alpha herpes viruses, the detection of Equine Herpes Virus-1 and Equine Herpes Virus-4 specific antibodies is used as an important indicator of the presence of symptomatic carriers in the population. Different laboratory tests can be used for the determination of specific antibodies for mentioned infections. ELISA is usually preferred in diagnosis of herpesviruses infections for its sensitivity and its economic advantages. Vaccination for Equine Herpes Virus-1 and Equine Herpes Virus-4 infections has not been applied in Turkey, so seropositivity results indicated that natural infections. In conclusion, Equine Herpes Virus-1 and Equine Herpes Virus-4 infections are widespread in horses in Southeast Anatolia, and protective measures, including vaccination, should be taken.Öğe Effect of Different Storage Temperatures on the Stability of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus RNA in Blood Samples(UNIV AGRICULTURE, FAC VETERINARY SCIENCE, 2015) Avci, Oguzhan; Bulut, Oya; Yapici, Orhan; Simsek, Atilla; Yavru, Sibel; Dik, Irmak; Atli, KamilThe present study was conducted to determine stability of Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) RNA stored at different temperatures. A total of 6 blood samples obtained from a private cattle farm, which were found to be antigen positive (Ag+) by direct ELISA method, were used in this study. BVDV Ag+ samples were stored separately at 4, 21 and 37 degrees C for 1 month. The samples were analyzed on the 0, 1(st), 2(nd), 3(rd) and 4(th) weeks by ELISA for the presence of BVDV Ag and by RT-PCR for the presence of BVDV RNA. Stability of BVDV RNA was calculated using maximum concentration (C-max) and area under the curve (AUC) as kinetic parameters of each sample. All of the samples were found positive both by ELISA and RT-PCR on each week. Cmax values of BVDV RNA for the storage temperatures of 4, 21 and 37 degrees C were 356, 346 and 338 ng/mu L respectively, and AUC(0 -> 4) values for the same temperatures were 1151, 1106 and 1077 week. ng/mu L respectively. It was determined that storage at different temperatures for one month does not statistically influence the kinetic parameters of BVDV RNA (P>0.05). In conclusion, it can be expressed that storage of BVDV RNA at 4, 21 and 37 degrees C for one month has no effect on the stability of BVDV RNA. (C) 2015 PVJ. All rights reservedÖğe Effects of inactive parapoxvirus ovis on cytokine levels in rats(JAPAN SOC VET SCI, 2016) Avci, Oguzhan; Bulut, Oya; Dik, IrmakThe aim of this study is to determine the effects of iPPOV on pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels in rats. iPPOV (1 ml/rat) was administered intraperitoneal route to 49 rats, except for 7 rats (Control, 0 group). Serum samples were collected from 7 rats at 1st, 2nd, 4th, 8th, 12th, 16th and 24th hr after treatments. Levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-12 and IL-10 were determined using ELISA. Administration of iPPOV stimulated TNF-alpha (16th and 24th hr) and IL-6 (12th, 16th and 24th hr) synthesis and caused fluctuations in IL-10 and IL-12 concentrations. In conclusion, increased cytokine levels could be attributed to immunomodulatory activity of iPPOV, however, detailed studies are required to fully understand effects of iPPOV on immune system.Öğe Serological and virological investigation of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus infection in cattle with abortion problem(Selçuk Üniversitesi Veterinerlik Fakültesi, 2013) Bulut, Oya; Avci, Oguzhan; Yapici, Orhan; Yavru, Sibel; Simsek, AtillaAmaç: Bu çalışma Konya’da abort problemli bir sığırcılık işletmesinde Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) enfeksiyonunun varlığının belirlenmesi amacı ile yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: İnfertilite ve abort problemi görülen 228 sığırdan kan serumu ve lökosit örnekleri toplanarak BVDV antijen ve BVDV’ye karşı gelişen antikorlar yönünden Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ile incelendi. Bulgular: Araştırmada 41 (%17.9) serum örneği seropozitif, 4 (%1.7) lökosit örneği BVDV antijen pozitif olarak belirlendi. BVDV antijen pozitif bulunan 4 sığırın 2 (%0.8)’si seropozitif 2 (%0.8)’si ise seronegatif tespit edildi. Antijen pozitif/antikor negatif hayvanlar 2 hafta sonra tekrar örneklendi. Seronegatif sığırlar için aynı sonuçlar elde edildi. Persiste enfekte oldukları belirlenen bu hayvanlar kesime gönderildi. Öneri: İşletmelere alınacak olan hayvanların kontrol edilerek hem BVDV antijen hem de antikor negatif olanların dahil edilmesi gerekmektedir.Öğe The Serological and Virological Investigation of Canine Adenovirus Infection on the Dogs(HINDAWI LTD, 2013) Bulut, Oya; Yapici, Orhan; Avci, Oguzhan; Simsek, Atilla; Atli, Kamil; Dik, Irmak; Yavru, SibelTwo types of Canine Adenovirus (CAVs), Canine Adenovirus type 1 (CAV-1), the virus which causes infectious canine hepatitis, and Canine Adenovirus type 2 (CAV-2), which causes canine infectious laryngotracheitis, have been found in dogs. In this study, blood samples taken from111 dogs, which were admitted to the Internal Medicine Clinic of Selcuk University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, with clinical symptoms. Seventy-seven dogs were sampled from Isparta and Burdur dog shelters by random sampling, regardless of the clinical findings. Dogs showed a systemic disease, characterized by fever, diarrhea, vomiting, oculonasal discharge, conjunctivitis, severe moist cough, signs of pulmonary disease and dehydration. Two dogs had corneal opacity and photophobia. In serological studies, 188 serum samples were investigated on the presence of CAV antibodies by ELISA. Total 103 (103/188-54.7%) blood samples were detected to be positive for CAV antibodies by ELISA. However, 85 (85/188-45.2%) blood samples were negative. Blood leukocyte samples from dogs were processed and inoculated onto confluent monolayers of MDCK cells using standard virological techniques. After third passage, cells were examined by direct immunoflourescence test for virus isolation. But positive result was not detected. In conclusion, this study clearly demonstrates the high prevalence of CAV infection in dogs.Öğe A serological investigation of Blue Tongue Virus infection in sheep breeds in Karaman province(2015) Yavru, Sibel; Avci, Oguzhan; Yapici, Orhan; Bulut, Oya; Şimşek, Atilla; Kale, MehmetAmaç: Bu çalışma Karamanda bulunan koyun işletmelerinde Blue Tongue Virusa karşı seroprevalansın belirlenmesi amacı ile yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Beş farklı işletmeden rastgele seçilen (her birinden 70 adet) toplam 350 koyundan kan serum örnekleri toplandı. Örnekler Blue Tongue Virusa karşı gelişen antikor varlığı yönünden ticari olarak temin edilen competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) ile test edildi. Bulgular: İşletmelerde Blue Tongue Virusa karşı gelişen antikor prevalansı sırası ile %32.85, %28.57, %25.71, %37.14 ve %41.42 olarak belirlendi. Toplam 350 serum örneğinin 116 (%33.14)sı Blue Tongue Virusa spesifik antikor varlığı yönünden cELISA ile pozitif tespit edildi. Öneri: Türkiyenin iklim şartları Blue Tongue Virusun vektör Culicoides türlerinin yaşamları için uygun olduğundan, koyunlar Blue Tongue Virus yönünden sürekli kontrol edilmelidir.Öğe Serological investigation of bluetongue virus infection by serum neutralization test and ELISA in sheep and goats(NATL VETERINARY RESEARCH INST, 2006) Bulut, Oya; Yavru, Sibel; Yapkic, Orhan; Simsek, Atilla; Kale, Mehmet; Avci, OguzhanAltogether 562 sheep and goat blood serum samples were collected from livestock located in Konya, Burdur, and their environs in Turkey. The samples were tested for bluetongue virus antibodies by ELISA and serum neutralization test (SNT). Fifty-four (17.1%) out of 315 sheep serum samples from Konya and 1 (1.5%) out of 66 sheep serum samples from Burdur were detected as seropositive. Seventy-three (60%) out of 121 goat serum samples from Konya and 36 (60%) out of 60 goat serum sample from Burdur were found positive by ELISA. Fifty-three (16.8%) out of 315 sheep serum samples from Konya and none of 66 sheep serum samples from Burdur were detected to be seropositive. Sixty-five (53.7%) out of 121 goat serum samples from Konya and 32 (53.3%) out of 60 goat serum samples from Burdur were found as positive by SNT. The results demonstrate that ELISA is more sensitive than SNT.Öğe Seroprevalence of viral upper respiratory infections in dairy cattle(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2009) Duman, Ruestem; Yavru, Sibel; Kale, Mehmet; Avci, OguzhanIn this research, dairy cattle, located in Konya in Central Anatolian Region and its surrounding and had respiratory system symptoms. were investigated for the seroprevalence Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR), Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV), Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV), Parainfluenza Virus type 3 (PI-3) and Bovine Adenovirus type 3 (BAV-3). For that purpose, 5800 animals, one year old and over, and bred in the private farms. were investigated and the blood samples were collected from 278 animals with respiratory system disease symptoms and high body temperatures. These samples were tested for presence of antibodies against IBR, BVDV. BRSV, PI-3 virus and BAV-3 by ELISA that was bought commercially. The seroprevalences which were determined for 5 viruses in cattle -(IBR. BVDV, BRSV, PI-3 virus and BAV-3)- were 35.25%, 96 04%, 94 40%. 92 80% and 85.97%, respectively. On the other hand, 0.35% (1 animal) of the dairy cattle sampled did not have any antibodies against the viruses. The existence of antibodies against the viruses were as such: 1.43% of cattle (4 animals) had antibodies against only one virus, 2.87% of cattle (8 animals) had antibodies against two, 14.02% of cattle (39 animals) had antibodies against three, 49.64% of cattle (138 animals) had antibodies against four and 31.65% of cattle (88 animals) had antibodies against five viruses It was determined that IBR, BVDV, BRSV, PI-3 and BAV-3 infections were widespread and seroprevalences were high.Öğe Serum Biochemistry of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus-Infected Cattle(HINDAWI LTD, 2016) Sevik, Murat; Avci, Oguzhan; Dogan, Muge; Ince, Omer BarisLumpy skin disease is an economically important poxvirus disease of cattle. Vaccination is the main method of control but sporadic outbreaks have been reported in Turkey. This study was carried out to determine the changes in serum biochemical values of cattle naturally infected with lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV). For this study, blood samples in EDTA, serum samples, and nodular skin lesions were obtained from clinically infected animals (n = 15) whereas blood samples in EDTA and serum samples were collected from healthy animals (n = 15). A quantitative real-time PCR method was used to detect Capripoxvirus (CaPV) DNA in clinical samples. A real-time PCR high-resolution melt assay was performed to genotype CaPVs. Serum cardiac, hepatic, and renal damage markers and lipid metabolism products were measured by autoanalyzer. LSDV nucleic acid was detected in all samples which were obtained from clinically infected cattle. The results of serum biochemical analysis showed that aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total protein, and creatinine concentrations were markedly increased in serum from infected animals. However, there were no significant differences in the other biochemical parameters evaluated. The results of the current study suggest that liver and kidney failures occur during LSDV infection. These findings may help in developing effective treatment strategies in LSDV infection.
