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Öğe Alternatif protein kaynağı olarak soya küspesi yerine kullanılan haşhaş (Papaver somniferum L.) tohumu küspesinin Japon bıldırcınlarında performans ve karkas özelliklerine etkisi(2004) Yıldız, Alp Önder; Olgun, Osman; Cufadar, Yusuf; Parlat, Sinan SefaBu çalışma, soya küspesine alternatif bir protein kaynağı olarak farklı seviyelerde haşhaş tohumu küspesi (HTK) içeren rasyonların Japon bıldırcınlarında canlı ağırlık, canlı ağırlık artışı, yem tüketimi, yemden yararlanma katsayısı ve karkas özelliklerine etkisini saptamak için yapılmıştır. Toplam olarak 400 adet, bir günlük yaşta, bıldırcın civcivi her birinde 80'er adet olmak üzere 5 muamele grubuna ayrılmıştır. Araştırma, her birinde 10'ar adet bıldırcın civcivi olmak üzere, 8 tekerrürlü 40 alt grupta yürütülmüştür. Denemede, % 24 ham protein, 3000 kkal ME/kg ve % 40 soya küspesi içeren kontrol rasyonundaki (A) soya küspesi yerine % 0, 5, 10, 15 ve 20 seviyelerinde HTK kullanılarak hazırlanan rasyonlar (A, B, C, D ve E) 35 gün boyunca ad libitum yedirilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, rasyon HTK seviyeleri grupların canlı ağırlık, canlı ağırlık artışı ve yem tüketimlerini etkilememiştir. Ancak, yemden yararlanma katsayısı bakımından 0-35. günlerde gruplar arasındaki farklılıklar önemli bulunmuştur (P0.05). Keza, karkas randımanı, karaciğer ve kalp ağırlıkları rasyon HTK seviyesinden etkilenmezken, gruplara ait karkas ağırlıkları arasındaki farklılıklar önemli bulunmuştur (PO.05). Deneme bulgularından, bıldırcın rasyonlarında soya küspesi yerine % 20'ye kadar HTK kullanımının uygun olabileceği söylenebilir.Öğe Effect of calcium sources and particle size on performance and eggshell quality in laying hens(2015) Erol, Arzu Tunç; Cufadar, YusufAn experiment was conducted to determine the effect of different combination calcium sources and particle size on performance and egg shell quality in layer hens. In the experiment, 198 brown laying hens at 44 week of age were randomly assigned into 11 treatments groups. The experimental diets consisted of different calcium sources (Fine limestone, large limestone, large oyster shell and large egg shell) and their different combination. The experimental unit consisted of a groups of three hens, thus each treatment was replicated six times. Different calcium sources and particle size addition to the laying hens diet had no significantly effect on body weight gain, egg production, egg mass, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, egg specific gravity, egg shell weight, egg shell thickness and egg shell breaking strength but egg weight had significantly affected by the treatments. The significantly highest egg weight was found in laying hens fed with 50 % fine limestone and 50 % large limestone. Dietary different Ca sources had a significant effect on Ca, P and Mg as mineral contents of eggshell and tibia. In the present study, when dietary large calcium sources (limestone, oyster shell and egg shell) had no effect on performance and eggshell quality parameters in laying hens. However, dietary containing at least 50 % large calcium sources had positive effect on mineral contents of tibia.Öğe Effect of Enzyme Addition to Diets Containing Different Levels of Alfalfa Meal on Performance and Egg Quality Parameters of Laying Hens(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2020) Najm, Elias Khudhur Najm; Cufadar, YusufThis study was conducted to investigate the effect of enzyme addition to diets containing different levels of alfalfa meal on performance, egg quality and egg yolk color in laying hens. Twenty-four weeks-old, 144 Lohmann-LSL laying hens were allocated to 8 experimental groups. The experiment, 4 different levels of alfalfa meal (0, 4, 8 and 12 %) and 2 different levels (0 and 1000 mg/kg) enzyme containing 8 different experimental diets were carried out with 6 replications according to 4x2 factorial design. The results of study indicated that there were no differences in egg production, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, egg weight, egg mass and eggshell breaking strength among the treatment groups (P> 0.05). The eggshell thickness had no significantly affected by the dietary alfalfa meal levels and interaction groups, but eggshell thickness was significantly higher in group fed with containing enzyme than the group of without enzyme (P< 0.01). In the egg yolk color parameters, the L* value was significantly affected by dietary alfalfa meal levels (P<0.01), and the groups fed with alfalfa meal containing diets at 8 and 12% levels were significantly lower than the others (0 and 4 %). The a* and roche values were significantly and similarly affected by the interactions (P<0.05), and the groups fed with alfalfa meal (with or without enzyme) diets at 8 and 12% levels were significantly lower than the other groups. In conclusion, the study results were observed that the addition of alfalfa and enzyme to laying hens diets did not cause a significant change in performance and egg quality parameters. However, it can be said that the addition of alfalfa meal at least 8% without adding enzyme to the diet causes an increase in egg yolk color.Öğe Effect of Enzyme Supplementation to Laying Hens Diets Containing Different Levels of Sunflower Seed Meal on Performance and Egg Quality(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2018) Ceylan, Mehmet Emin; Cufadar, YusufAn experiment was conducted to determine the effect of enzyme supplementation to laying hens diets containing different levels of sunflower seed meal on performance and egg quality. The experiment was used 128 laying hens (HyLine W36) at 44 week of age throughout 84 days. Sixteen diets consisting of four levels of sunflower seed meal (0, 5, 10 and 20 % diet) and four levels enzyme (0, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/ kg diet) in 4 x 4 factorial arrangement were used with four replicates of two birds each. During the experiment, feed and water were used as ad libitum. The effect of enzyme supplementation to laying hens diets containing different levels of sunflower seed meal did not significantly effect on egg production, egg weight, egg mass, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, egg shell weight, egg shell thickness and egg shell breaking strength (P>0.05). The result of this study that containing 20% sunflower seed meal to laying hens diets can be used without adversely affecting performance and egg quality.Öğe The Effect of Manganese and Phytase in the Diet for Laying Hens on Performance Traits and Eggshell Quality(MEDWELL ONLINE, 2010) Yıldız, Alp Önder; Olgun, Osman; Cufadar, YusufAn experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of manganese and phytase in the diet for hens on performance and eggshell quality. The study was carried out on 108 H and N Brown Nick hens, from 22-42 weeks of age, allocated to nine experimental groups. Each treatment consisted of 4 replications (3 birds/replicate). The birds were fed a basal diet containing 16% CP, 2800 kcal/ME/kg and 13.86 mg kg(-1) Mn. Nine diets, arranged in a factorial design (3x3) with 3 levels of Mn (Manganese sulfate) diet (0, 35 and 70 mg kg(-1)) and 3 levels of phytase preparation (0, 1000 and 5000 U) were used. The house had controlled ventilation and lighting (16 h day(-1)). All hens were supplied with feed and water ad-libitum. The performance Body Weight Change (BWC) Egg Production (EP) Egg Weight (EW) Egg Mass (EM) Feed Intake (FI) Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) and egg characteristics Egg Shape Index (ESI) Specific Gravity (SG) Albumen Index (AI) Egg Yolk Index (EYI) haugh unit, hu; Egg Shell Breaking Strength (ESBS) Egg Shell Thickness (EST) Egg Shell Weight (ESW) were not influenced by the dietary treatments during the experiment. It is concluded that supplementation manganese and phytase to diets containing a basal level of 13.86 mg kg(-1) Mn is not necessary in laying hens at 22-42 weeks period.Öğe The Effect of Rations Containing Different Levels of Expanded Corn on Performance in Broilers(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2018) Çolak, Abdullah; Cufadar, YusufIn this study was conducted to effect of expander corn supplementation of different levels to diet on performance in broilers. A 6-wk experiment, 390 unsexed day-old broiler chicks (Ross 308) was used in the experiment. Five treatments consisting of different expander corn levels (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 %) were used with six replicates of seventy-eight chicks each treatment. Feed and water were supplied as ad libitum during the experiment. Different levels of expander corn addition to broilers diet were not significantly effect on body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, carcass weight and yield at the end of the experiment. Different levels of expander corn addition to broilers diet were significantly effect on feed conversion ratio. Feed conversion ratio was significantly decreased with dietary containing 75 and 100 % expander corn (P<0.05). The result of this study that containing to 100 % corn expander instead of corn to broiler diets can be used without adversely affecting performance.Öğe Effect of supplementation of different boron and copper levels to layer diets on performance, egg yolk and plasma cholesterol(ELSEVIER GMBH, 2013) Olgun, Osman; Yazgan, Oktay; Cufadar, YusufProcedure: This study was conducted to determine the effects of supplementation of different levels boron and copper on performance, lipids in yolk and plasma contains in layer diets. In this trial a total of 320 layer chicken (26 weeks old age) was randomly distributed in 16 experimental groups. In each experiment group were consist at 5 replicates, and in each replicates there were 4 birds. During the 16 weeks experiment period, birds were fed with 16 experimental diets. Experimental diets were consisting of all possible combination of 4 levels of added boron (0, 60, 120 and 240 mg/kg) and 4 levels of added copper (0, 75,150 and 300 mg/kg) to the basal ration. Results: Effect of treatments on body weight change and plasma glucose levels were not significant. However, added boron and copper had a significant effect on plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol fraction. While added boron had a significant adverse effect on performance parameters, added copper had a significant positive effect on the same parameters. Yolk lipid contents were increased by addition of boron to the ration. However, yolk lipid contents were decreased by addition of copper to the ration. Plasma lipid contents were also decreased by addition of copper and boron in the ration. Conclusion: Results of the present study showed that laying hens from 26 to 42 weeks of age should be fed with 60 mg/kg boron and 150 mg/kg copper supplementation in the diet. (C) 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.Öğe The Effects of Addition to Different Levels of Mealworm (Tenebrio Molitor) to Quail Diets on Performance and Carcass Traits(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2019) Sabırlı, Hilal; Cufadar, YusufPerformance and carcass traits of quails fed by diets containing mealworms were investigated. A total of 200 mixed-sex one-day-old quail chicks were used in the study. The basal diets were supplemented with 0, 2, 4 and 6 % mealworm (Tenebrio molitor). Four levels of dietary mealworm were arranged in a completely randomized design and the treatments were replicated five times with 10 birds. The chicks were randomly assigned to among 20 cage pens. Feed and water were supplied ad-libitum. In the first week of the study, all quails were fed with the control diet. During the next four weeks, the quails were fed with 4 experimental diets. There were significant differences in body weight gain and feed conversion ratio between the treatment groups (P<0.05; P<0.01). The body weight gain of quails fed by diet containing 6 % dietary mealworm was lower than the quails fed by the diets containing 2 % mealworm. Feed conversion ratio increased by feeding with 4 and 6 % dietary mealworm level when compared to the control and 2 % dietary mealworm level group (P<0.01). Feed intake, carcass weight and carcass yield did not differ among the dietary treatments. The study suggested that performance parameters could be lower when dietary level of mealworm meal higher than 2 %.Öğe Effects of Boron Supplementation Fed with Low Calcium to Diet on Performance and Egg Quality in Molted Laying Hens(MEDWELL ONLINE, 2009) Olgun, Osman; Cufadar, Yusuf; Yildiz, Alp OnderThis study was conducted to different levels of dietary Calcium (Ca) with Boron (B) supplementation effect on performance and egg quality in molted laying hens. Two hundred and eighty, 78 weeks old, White Leghom LSL laying hens were assigned to 8 groups with 7 replicates. Experiment had a 2X4 factorial arrangement of treatments with 2 levels of Ca diet (4.0% control and 3.5% low Ca) and 4 levels of B (Borax Pentahydrate) preparation (0, 100, 200 and 300 mg kg(-1)) were used. Laying hens were fed to eight dietary treatments during the 78-90 weeks periods. The different levels of dietary Ca and B as a main factor did not significantly effect on initial body weight, final body weight, egg production, feed conversion ratio, specific gravity, egg shell weight, damaged egg and egg shell breaking strength except for egg weight, feed intake, egg mass, haugh unit and albumen index. There was no interaction effect of Ca and B levels on the parameters except for egg yolk index, egg shape index and egg shell thickness (p<0.01; p<0.05). It is concluded that molted laying hens to the diet were not added B when the laying hens consumed adequately feed and Ca.Öğe Effects of Dietary Different Levels of Rosemary Essential Oil on Performance and Eggshell Quality Parameters in Laying Hens(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2018) Cufadar, YusufIn this study was evaluated the effects of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)essential oil on performance and eggshell quality parameters of laying hens. Inexperiment, a total of 192 twenty four-week-old NOVOgen White laying henswere assigned to the basal control diet supplemented with 50, 100, 150, 200and 250 mg/kg of rosemary essential oil (6 treatment diets, 8 replicates, eachreplicate consists of 4 hens). Hens were fed with experimental diets from 24 to36 weeks of age. Water and feed were supplied ad libitum throughout theexperiment. The results of study indicated that there were no differences in eggproduction, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, egg weight, egg mass as performance parameters among the treatment groups. The eggshell weight had nosignificantly affected by the dietary treatments. However, eggshell thicknessand eggshell breaking strength were significantly affected by the treatments(P< 0.05). The eggshell thickness was significantly increased fed with 250mg/kg rosemary essential oil supplemented of group when compared to thecontrol group. The breaking strength was increased by the addition of dietaryrosemary essential oil. The results of this study demonstrated that performanceparameters were not significantly influenced with rosemary oil addition inlaying hens diet. But, rosemary oil addition in laying hens diet significantlyincreased to eggshell breaking strength. It may be said that the dietary additionof 50 mg/kg of rosemary essential oil would be beneficial to improve the eggshell quality in laying hens.Öğe Effects of Dietary Energy and Protein on Performance, Reproduction Traits and Nitrogen-Excretion of Breeder Chukar Partridges (Alectoris Chukar)(Ecole Nationale Veterinaire Toulouse, 2010) Cufadar, Yusuf; Olgun, O.; Bahtiyarca, Y.; Yıldız, A. Ö.This study was carried out to compare the effects of 2 dietary metabolizable energy (2600 and 2900 kcal/kg) and of 2 dietary crude protein contents (13% and 17%) on performance in breeder chukar partridges. A total of 144 breeder chukar partridges (48 males, 96 females), 36 to 52 weeks old, were used in the study conducted as a 2x2 factorial with a completely randomized design. Whereas food intake was significantly depressed in birds receiving a high energy diet, the dietary energy and crude protein contents exhibited no significant effect on growth performance (body weight and body weight gains). Food efficiency, egg weight, egg production, egg mass, fertility and hatchability were not significantly affected by the diet characteristics although a high crude protein content tended to enhance egg production and egg mass and that fertility seemed to be improved with a high matabolizable energy or a high protein level whereas hatchability tended to be inversely affected. A high protein or low energy diets tended to improve the food efficiency for performance. Finally, the nitrogen excretion was significantly additively affected by the dietary energy and protein contents, partridges fed with 2900 kcal/kg and 17% CP in the diet exhibiting a higher nitrogen excretion than the other groups. These results suggest that a diet containing 13% CP and 2600 kcal/kg as metabolizable energy may be supplied to partridges without modification of performance and with reduction of nitrogen excretion.Öğe Effects of Dietary Energy Content on the Performance and Laying Traits of the Breeder Chukar Partridge (Alectoris Chukar) Housed in Battery Cages or Litter Floor Pens(ECOLE NATIONALE VETERINAIRE TOULOUSE, 2010) Cufadar, Yusuf; Olgun, Osman; Bahtiyarca, Yılmaz; Yıldız, A. Ö.In order to investigate the impact of environmental conditions on performance of game birds like partridges, the objective of this study is to explore the effects of dietary energy content and of 2 different housing conditions (battery cages vs. litter floor pen) on performance and laying traits in breeder chukar partridges. For that, 192 partridges, 36 weeks old at the beginning of experiment, were randomly allotted into 4 equal groups according to the housing type and the diet regimen flow energy (2 700 kcal/kg) or high energy (2 900 kcal/kg) diets] for 16 weeks using a 2x2 factorial arrangement. Weight variations, food intake and food efficiency, as well as reproductive traits (egg production, egg mass, egg weight, fertility and hatchability) were recorded for the whole experimental period. Except for the egg hatchability which was significantly increased when partridges have received a low energy diet whatever the rearing conditions, the housing type and the dietary energy level have not significantly affected the laying performance and no interaction between these 2 factors was evidenced. These results suggest that a ration with a low energy content respecting the nutrient recommended supplies can be distributed to partridges whatever the housing conditions and can also improved egg hatchability.Öğe Effects of Dietary Oregano Essential Oil Supplementation on Performance and Eggshell Quality in Laying Hens(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2018) Cufadar, YusufThis study evaluated the effects of oregano essential oil on performance andegg quality parameters of laying hens. A total of 144 fourty-week-old H&NSuper Nick laying hens were assigned to the basal control diet supplementedwith 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mg/kg of oregano essential oil (6 treatmentdiets, 8 replicates, each replicate consists of 3 hens). Hens were fed experimental diets from 40 to 52 weeks of age. Water and diets were supplied adlibitum throughout the experiment. After 12 week of experiment, feed intake,egg production, feed conversion ratio, egg weight, egg mass did not differamong the treatment groups. Different application rate of oregano oil had noeffects on eggshell ratio, eggshell thickness and eggshell breaking strength.The results of this study demonstrated that addition oregano essential oil to thediets had no effect on performance and eggshell quality parameters of layinghens at 40 to 52 weeks of age.Öğe The effects of eggshell and oyster shell supplemental as calcium sources on performance, eggshell quality and mineral excretion in laying hens(AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION CENTRE, 2015) Olgun, Osman; Yildle, Alp Onder; Cufadar, YusufA study was conducted to determine the influence of different calcium sources in layer diets on performance, eggshell quality and mineral excretions. A total of 72 Hy-Line W36, layer birds of 25 weeks old; were distributed in 6 experimental groups randomly. In each experiment group there were 4 replicates, and in each replicates there Were 3 birds. During the 12 weeks experiment period, birds were fed 6 experimental diets. Experimental diets were consisted of various calcium sources for meeting the calcium requirements. It was control (limestone), 1/3 eggshell, 1/3 oyster shell, 1/3 eggshell+1/3 oyster shell, 2/3 eggshell and 2/3 oyster shell. Dietary different sources of calcium had no significant effect on body weight change, feed conversion ratio, eggshell breaking strength, eggshell thickness, and eggshell phosphorus and magnesium contents (p>0.05). The different sources calcium had a significantly effect on egg production,. egg weight,,egg mass, feed intake and eggshell weight in laying hens (p<0.01; p<0.05). The different calcium sources had significantly effect on eggshell calcium content, and calcium, phosphorus and magnesium-excretion in hens (p<0.01). Results of the present study observed that laying hens were not advantageous for performance by fed with eggshell and oyster shell as calcium sources.Öğe The Effects of Microbial Phytase to Low-Protein Diets Supplemented with Individual Amino Acids on Performance and Carcass Characteristics in Broilers(MEDWELL ONLINE, 2009) Cufadar, Yusuf; Yildiz, Alp Onder; Olgun, OsmanA 6 weeks experiment with 450 unsexed, one day-old broilers was carried out to determine the effects of adding phytase to low-protein diets supplemented with individual amino acids on performance, carcass traits and some organ weights. The chicks were fed with diets containing 22 and 20% Crude Protein (CP; control) for the 0-3 and for the 4-6 weeks of period, respectively. During the 0-3 and 4-6 weeks of periods, the other groups were fed with low protein diets (20 and 18% CP, respectively) containing lysine, methionine and threonine (EAA) levels of 100, 110, 120, or 130% of NRC recommendation. The diets were then supplemented with (500 FTU kg(-1) of diet; Natuphos, BASF, Germany) and without additional microbial phytase. This resulted in 4x2 factorial arrangements with four levels of and two levels of phytase (0 and 500 FTU kg(-1)) and so a total of 9 treatments with a control group were tested. Each treatment was replicated 3 times with each replication consisting of 15 chicks. All other nutrient contents of diets were met the requirements by NRC recommendation and were contained 3200 kcal ME kg(-1). The effects of interactions consist of EAA and phytase levels on body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, carcass traits except for wings weight and relative organs weight had no significant (p>0.05). There were no main effects of dietary EAA levels on body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, all measured carcass traits and relative organs weight, except for pancreas weight, in the experiment. As a main factor, effects of dietary phytase levels on all parameters had no significant. Also, there was no significant difference in terms of performances, carcass traits and organ weights (% of body weight) between control diet and low-CP diets. These data suggest that broilers fed low CP, EAA supplemented diet (lysine, methionine, threonine levels of 100% NRC recommendation) have performance and carcass traits similar to broilers fed higher level of CP recommended by NRC.Öğe Estimation of relationship between in situ and in vitro rumen protein degradability of extruded full fat soybean(2017) Tunç, Arzu Erol; Cufadar, Yusuf; Yaman, SemaThe objectives of this study were to estimate the protein degradability of extruded full fat soybean (ESB) by in situ (nylon bag) and in vitro enzymatic method and to develop an equation in order predict in situ degradability from in vitro values. In the study enzymatic technique; hydrolysis after 1 h (INV1) and after 24 h (INV24) by a purified protease extracted from Streptomyces griseus in a borate-phosphate buffer at pH 8 was used as in vitro method. Relationship between in situ effective protein degradability (INSE) and in vitro degradability after 1 and 24 hours incubations (INV1 and INV24) were determined. In situ protein degradability was measured at 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, and 48 and at 72 h incubations in the rumen of 3 Holstein cows. In the study INSE, INV1 and INV24 were determined as 58.05, 20.24 and 41.46% respectively. Despite there were differences between in situ and in vitro protein degradability values, correlation coefficients between in situ and in vitro protein degradability of ESB were high and regression equations for estimation of in situ from in vitro were found significant. As conclusion in vitro enzymatic protein degradability (INV1 and INV24) can be used for estimation of in situ effective protein degradability of extruded full fat soybean.Öğe Etlik piliçlerde karma yeme farklı esansiyel yağlar ve karışımlarının ilavesinin performans ve karkas özellikleri üzerine etkisi(2017) Sevim, Behlül; Cufadar, YusufBu çalışma, etlik piliçlerde kekik (Thymus vulgaris L.), biberiye (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) ve karabaş otu (Lavandula stoechas L.) esansiyel yağları ve bunların karışımlarının canlı ağırlık, canlı ağırlık artışı, yem tüketimi, yemden yararlanma oranı ve karkas özellikleri üzerine etkisini tespit etmek için yapılmıştır. Çalışmada, günlük yaşta toplam 640 adet etlik civciv (Ross 308) kullanılmış ve 5 tekerrürlü olacak şekilde 8 muamele grubuna tesadüfü olarak yerleştirilmiştir. Her bir muamele grubunda 80 adet civciv bulunmaktadır. Deneme rasyonları sırasıyla kontrol (0 mg/kg), ilave kekik esansiyel yağı (50 mg/kg), biberiye esansiyel yağı (50 mg/kg), karabaş otu esansiyel yağı (50 mg/kg), kekik biberiye (2525 mg/kg), kekik karabaş otu (2525 mg/kg), biberiye karabaş otu (2525 mg/kg) ve kekikbiberiyekarabaş otu (16,7 16,7 16,7 mg/kg) oluşmaktadır. Yem ve su ad libitum olarak sağlanmıştır. Çalışma 6 hafta sürmüştür. Performans parametreleri haftalık olarak belirlenmiştir. Denemenin 42. gününde hayvanlar kesilerek karkas özellikleri tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre, rasyon farklı esansiyel yağ ve bunların karışımlarının etlik piliçlerde canlı ağırlık, canlı ağırlık artışı, yem tüketimi, yem değerlendirme oranı ve karkas özellikleri üzerine etkisi önemli olmamıştır.Öğe Farklı seviyelerde enerji içeren yumurtacı tavuk rasyonlarına humat ilavesinin performans ve kabuk kalitesi özellikleri ile plazma ve tibia mineral düzeylerine etkisi(2012) Olgun, Osman; Cufadar, Yusuf; Yıldız, Alp ÖnderFarklı seviyede enerji içeren yumurtacı tavuk rasyonlarına humat ilavesinin performans ve kabuk kalitesi özellikleri ile plazma ve tibia mineral seviyesi üzerine etkisini belirlemek için yürütülen bu çalışmada, otuz haftalık yaşta 180 adet Lohmann Brown-Klasik yumurtacı tavuk 10 muamele rasyonu ile 12 hafta yemlenmişlerdir. Her bir muamele grubu, her birinde 3 adet hayvan olmak üzere 6 tekerrürden oluşmuştur. Çalışma, 2 farklı metabolik enerji seviyesi (2600 ve 2750 kkal/kg yem) ve 5 farklı humat seviyesi (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 ve 4.0 g/kg) olmak üzere 2x5 faktöriyel deneme planına göre yürütülmüştür. Rasyonda farklı metabolik enerji ve humat seviyeleri canlı ağırlık değişimini, yumurta verimini, özgül ağırlığı, hasarlı yumurta oranını, kabuk oranını, tibia Mn seviyesini, karaciğer ve pankreas oranlarını ve incebağırsak pH’sını etkilememiştir. Ancak, yumurta ağırlığı, yumurta kitlesi, yem tüketimi, yemden yararlanma oranı, kabuk kırılma direnci, kabuk kalınlığı, plazma Ca, Mg ve Zn içeriği ile tibia Ca ve P seviyeleri ve taşlık pH’sı Muamelelerden önemli derecede etkilenmişlerdir. Sonuç olarak, enerji seviyesi düşürülmüş yumurta tavuğu rasyonlarına 1.0 g/kg humat ilavesinin kabuk kırılma direncini ve plazma Ca ve Zn seviyelerini olumlu yönde etkilediği söylenebilir.Öğe Japon bıldırcınlarında deneysel aflatoksikozis üzerine sodyum-bentonit ilavesinin etkisi(2004) Yıldız, Alp Önder; Parlat, Sinan Sefa; Olgun, Osman; Cufadar, YusufBu çalışma, Japon bıldırcınlarında aflatoksikozis üzerine sodyum bentonit (NaB)'in etkisi araştırmak için yürütülmüştür. Toplam, 10 günlük yaşta, 120 Japon bıldırcını, her birinde 30 adet olmak üzere 4 deneme grubuna rastgele dağıtılmıştır. Her bir grup her birinde 3 adet bıldırcın olmak üzere 10 alt gruba ayrılmıştır. Mısır-soya küspesine dayalı aflatoksin (AF) içermeyen temel rasyon kontrol rasyonu olarak kullanılmıştır. Buna göre: I) Kontrol (K): temel rasyon; II) K2.5 mg/kg AF; III) K % 1 NaB; IV) K2.5 mg/kg AF% 1 NaB şeklinde hazırlanan 4 farklı deneme rasyonu 35 gün süreyle deneme gruplarına ad libitum yedirilmiştir. Performans parametreleri haftalık olarak belirlenmiştir. Deneme sonunda, sadece AF içeren rasyonları tüketen bıldırcınlarda canlı ağırlık artışı ve yem tüketimi önemli derecede azalmıştır. Fakat, AF içeren rasyonlara NaB ilavesiyle AF'den dolayı azalan canlı ağırlık artışı ve yem tüketimi önemli derecede artmıştır. Aflatoksin içeren rasyonla beslenen bıldırcınlar canlı ağırlık artışındaki kümülatif azalış % 14.6 iken, AF içeren rasyona NaB ilavesiyle bu azalma sadece % 5.5 olmuş, benzer şekilde yem tüketimindeki kümülatif azalış AF içeren rasyonu tüketen grupta % 17.8 olurken, AF içeren rasyona NaB ilavesiyle bu azalış sadece % 1 olmuştur. Sadece AF içeren rasyonu tüketen bıldırcınların yemden yararlanma katsayıları diğer gruplardan daha düşük olmuştur. Bu çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, Japon bıldırcınlarında AF'den kaynaklanan olumsuz etkilerin önlenmesinde NaB'in etkili olabileceği söylenebilir.Öğe Mısır-soya küspesine dayalı rasyonlara inorganik çinko ve fitaz ilavesinin yumurta tavuklarında performans ve yumurta kalite özelliklerine etkisi(2009) Cufadar, Yusuf; Yıldız, Alp Önder; Olgun, Osman; Bahtiyarca, YılmazMısır-soya küspesine dayalı rasyonlara inorganik çinko ve fitaz ilavesinin yumurta tavuklarında performans ve yumurta kalite özelliklerine etkisini belirlemek için bir çalışma yürütülmüştür. Yirmi iki haftalık yaştaki 108 adet H&N Nick Brown yumurta tavuğu 22-42 haftalar arasında 9 muamele rasyonu ile yemlenmiştir. Her bir muamele her birinde 3 adet hayvan olmak üzere 12 hayvanın bulunduğu 4 tekerrürden oluşmuştur. Denemede, 3 farklı (0, 50 ve 100 mg/kg ) çinko seviyesi ve 3 farklı (0, 1000 ve 5000 U/kg) fitaz seviyesi olmak üzere 3x3 faktöriyel deneme planına göre 9 farklı rasyon kullanılmıştır. Çinko ve fitaz ilavesi canlı ağırlık değişimi, yumurta verimi, yumurta ağırlığı, yumurta kitlesi, yem tüketimi ve yemden yararlanma oranını etkilememiştir. Aynı zamanda muamelelerin şekil indeksi, özgül ağırlık, sarı indeksi, kabuk kırılma direnci, kabuk kalınlığı ve kabuk ağırlığına etkisi önemsiz olmuş, fakat albümin indeksi ve haugh birimi rasyon çinko seviyesinden önemli olarak etkilenmiştir. Denemeden elde edilen sonuçlara göre yumurta tavuğu rasyonlarına çinko ve fitaz ilavesinin performans ve yumurta kalite özelliklerine pozitif bir etkisinin olmadığı söylenebilir.
