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Öğe Antioxidant properties of 12 cornelian cherry fruit types (Cornus mas L.) selected from Turkey(ACADEMIC JOURNALS, 2011) Ersoy, Nilda; Bagci, Yavuz; Gok, VeliCornus mas L. is a naturally growing dogwood species in Anatolia. In present study, the antioxidant activity of 50% aqueous methanol extracts of 12 cornelian cherry types were evaluated by various antioxidant assay, including free radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging and metal (Fe+2) chelating activities. The methanolic fruit etxracts of the Cornus mas L. fruit types (H2O2 and diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activities, Fe+2 chelating activity) examined in the assay showed the strongest activities. The highest antiradical activity was found 44-05 type (0.943) followed by 44-04 (0.860), 77-09 (0.810) and 77-05 (0.723) types respectively. The lowest value was found 44-01 (0.537), 77-06 (0.580), 77-11 (0.567) and 77-02 (0.563) types. The highest chelating activity was found; 4405 (54.213%), 44-04 (49.890%), 77-09 (47.287%) and 77-05 (45.180%) cornelian cherry type respectively. The lowest cheting activity was found 77-06 (33.883%), 44-01 (34.106%) and 77-11 (34.510%) types. In terms of H2O2 inhibition, the highest rate was obtained from 44-05 (79.103%), the lowest one was 44-01 type to be 37.720%.Öğe Branch Induction on Apple (Malus Domestica L.) Nursery Trees: Effects of Perlan (GA(4+7)+6BA) and Pinching(Wfl Publ, 2010) Bektaş, Mustafa; Ersoy, NildaIn this research, one-year-old apple (Malus domestica L.) nursery trees of several cultivars (Galaxy Gala, Redchief, Scarlet Spur) on MM 106 rootstock were used. Following treatments were applied to each cultivar: 1) pinching, 2) pinching+500 ppm Perlan, 3) 500 ppm Perlan (GA(4+7)+ 6BA). The sapling height, sapling diameter, branch number, branch angle, branch length and sapling quality were investigated, respectively. At the end of the research, sapling length, sapling diameter and branch number of Galaxy Gala cultivar were higher than in the other cultivars. Sapling length was similar at Red Chief and Scarlet Spur cultivars. In terms of Scarlet Spur sapling diameter and number of branches were higher than in Red Chief cultivar. There were no significant differences in branch angles and branch lengths. Perlan application to Galaxy Gala cultivar and pinching application to Scarlet Spur cultivar formed the largest branch angles.Öğe Changes in sugar contents of fig fruit (Ficus carica l. Cv. Bursa Siyahı) during development(2007) Ersoy, Nilda; Gözlekçi, Şadiye; Kaynak, LamiBu çalısma Akdeniz Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi, Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümünde yapılmıs olup, örnekler 10 yaslı incir (Ficus carica L. cv. Bursa Siyahı) ağaçlarından alınmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı, farklı gelişme dönemlerinde hasat edilen incir meyvelerinin şeker içeriklerinin Yüksek Performanslı Sıvı Kromatografisi (HPLC) teknigi ile belirlemektir. Farklı meyve gelisme dönemleri boyunca meyvelerdeki majör ve minor sekerlerdeki degisimler saptanmıstır. Tüm gelisme dönemlerinde fruktoz ve galaktoz miktarları baskın bulunurken, sırasıyla glukoz ve sakkaroz bunları izlemistir. Sakkarozun aktivitesi ilk ve üçüncü büyüme dönemlerinde ikinci döneme kıyasla daha etkin bulunmuştur. Şekerlerden riboz, ksiloz, arabinoz, maltoz ve laktoz ise eser miktarlarda tespit edilmişlerdir.Öğe Comparison of the fatty acid compositions of six cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) genotypes selected from Anatolia(SPRINGER, 2019) Ersoy, Nilda; Kalyoncu, İsmail Hakkı; Çitil, Özcan Barış; Yılmaz, SerpilThis study was carried out on 6genotypes (K-1, K-2, K-3, K-4, K-5, K-6) which have superior characteristics determined by selective breeding method from naturally-grown cornelian cherry in Konya Province. Differences among genotypes were revealed by determining fatty acid contents in samples obtained from experimented cornelian cherry. The fatty acid compositions of the samples were determined by Shimadzu15-A Gas Chromatography. According to the results, fatty acid composition of the cornelian cherry samples is significantly varied depending on genotypes.Öğe Determination of antioxidant activities of some apple cultivars(CZECH ACADEMY AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2017) Pirlak, Lutfi; Unuvar, Gulustan; Ersoy, NildaThis study was conducted in order to determine the antioxidant activities of certain apple varieties. 'Galaxy Gala', 'Scarlet Spur', 'Fuji', 'Pink Lady' and 'Granny Smith' were characterized in this study. The antioxidant activities among the varieties were determined via three different procedures. Antiradical activity figures of the apple varieties were between 0.592 ('Galaxy Gala') and 0.802 ('Scarlet Spur'). Inhibition levels of chelating activity with Fe+2 varied between 40.20-55.50%; 'Scarlet Spur' and 'Pink Lady' extracts had the highest inhibition with 55.50% and 'Granny Smith' extract had the lowest with the level. Among the extracts showing H2O2 clearance effect, Granny Smith (62.54%) and Scarlet Spur (44.67%) extracts had the highest inhibition levels. In this study conducted on apple varieties, total phenolic matter levels were determined in 'Scarlet Spur', 'Pink Lady', 'Fuji', 'Galaxy Gala' and 'Granny Smith'.Öğe Determination of the active lenticel numbers in some types and varieties fruit(ASIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, 2008) Ersoy, Nilda; Cetin, Hilal; Kankaya, Abdullah; Karakus, AydinThe losses in products like loss of weight in fruit and vegetables, wilting wizening, the structure of the lenticels intensity on the surface of the fruit is important. The more the lenticels and other openings on fruit surface are the faster the metabolic phenomena such as respiration, transpiration, etc. Fruit samples belonging to Braeburn, Granny Smith, Starkrimson Delicious, Golden Delicious (apple), Angeleno, Globe Sun, October Sun, TC Sun (plum), Esme (quince) varieties were used in the experiment to determine their active lenticels numbers. The number of lenticels on unit surface, which provide the connection between interior and exterior environments on epidermis, was found to be between 12.96 and 19.96 depending on the types and varieties used in the experiment. When the differences between the numbers of lenticels on the whole surfaces of apple, plum and quince varieties are taken into account, the highest value belongs to the Breaburn (242.9 number/fruit) apple variety whereas the lowest value belongs to TC Sun plum (56.6 number/fruit) variety.Öğe Effects of Day Length and Daminozide on the Flowering, Some Quality Parameters and Chlorophyll Content of Chrysanthemum Morifolium Ramat(Academic Journals, 2010) Kazaz, Soner; Aşkın, M. Atilla; Kılıç, Semra; Ersoy, NildaThis study was conducted to determine the effects of different day lengths and daminozide on days to flower, some quality parameters and chlorophyll contents of spray chrysanthemum plants (Chrysanthemum morifolium cvs. 'Yellow Reagan' and 'White Reagan') grown under greenhouse conditions. Day length and daminozide significantly affected days to flower, stem length, stem diameter and flower numbers per stem. While stem fresh weight and chlorophyll a and b contents were affected by day length, daminozide had an insignificant effect on these parameters. Long day (LD) conditions delayed days to flower by 42 days as compared to short day (SD) conditions. SD conditions reduced stem length (84.47 cm) by almost 2-fold as compared to LD conditions (169.88 cm). Under SD conditions, the stem lengths of plants treated (3000 mg L(-1)) and untreated (control) with daminozide were 79.21 and 89.73 cm, respectively, whereas under LD conditions, they were 156.33 and 183.43 cm, respectively. The flower number increased per stem both under SD conditions and with daminozide application. The numbers of flowers per stem were 13.40 and 11.87 under SD and LD conditions, respectively, and 14.11 flowers were obtained from the plants treated with daminozide, while 11.17 flowers per stem were obtained from the plants untreated with daminozide. LD conditions increased both chlorophyll a (11.50 mu g/mg) and chlorophyll b (5.93 mu g/mg) contents as compared to SD conditions. In the study, compact and higher quality flowers with a desired stem length were obtained both under SD conditions and with daminozide application.Öğe Effects of Some Humidity and Iba Hormone Dose Applications on Rooting of M9 Apple Clonal Rootstock Softwood Top Cuttings(Academic Journals, 2010) Ersoy, Nilda; Kalyoncu, I. H.; Aydın, Metin; Yılmaz, M.In this study, softwood cuttings were taken from M9 dwarf apple rootstocks in early June. Different indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) concentrations [0 (control), 500, 1500, 2500 and 3500 ppm], different air humidity levels (85 - 90%, 95-100%) and rooting media of perlite effects on rooting capability and root formation of M9 apple rootstock cuttings were examined. All the cuttings remained alive. The highest ratio of cutting callus formation was found in control group (58%) in 95 - 100% humidity level and 2500 ppm IBA hormone dose application in 85 - 90% humidity level. The highest rooting ratio was obtained from control group (46%) in 95 - 100% humidity level; the lowest one was 3500 ppm IBA dose application (17%) in 85 - 90% relative humidity level. The highest rooting surface lenght was found in 1500 ppm hormone dose (0.53 cm) in 95 - 100% and 2500 ppm IBA dose application (0.42 cm) in 85 90% humidity level. With respect to root numbers, the highest value was from 1500 ppm IBA application (1.29 number/cutting) in 95 - 100% relative humidity, and 500 and 2500 ppm IBA doses (1.04 number/cutting) in 85 - 90% relative humidity level. The longest root was obtained from control group (2.03 cm) in 95 - 100% humidity level and 500 ppm IBA hormone dose (1.80 cm) in 85 - 90% humidity level. The shortest root was obtained from 1500 ppm IBA hormone application (0.79 cm) and control group (0.88 cm) in 95 - 100% humidity level. The highest root branching value was obtained from 1500 ppm hormone dose application (0.88 number/cutting) in 95 - 100% humidity level.Öğe Levels of Internal Indole-3-acetic Acid and Abscisic Acid in Different Physiological Growth Periods in The Leaves of Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) Fruit(ASIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, 2009) Ersoy, Nilda; Kaynak, LamiThe loquat fruit variety, which blooms in fall and bears flowers and fruit in winter, differs from other varieties in terms of periods of physiological growth. Plants produce the nutrients they need with their leaves. Hence, it is important to determine the levels of internal growth regulating substances found in leaves of the loquat fruit in different growth periods. The present study aims to determine internal indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA) levels by taking samples from the leaves of the Gold Nugget and Akko XIII loquat fruit varieties in different physiological growth periods. According to the results, the total-IAA level increased two-fold in the first year in May, when fruit begin to ripen, in comparison to August, when morphological differentiation occur, an one-fold in the second year. The total-IAA level in the Akko XIII loquat fruit variety increased one-fold in May in comparison to August in the first year and 4-fold in the second year. The total-ABA level in the Gold Nugget loquat fruit variety decreased three-fold in May in comparison to August in the first year and four and a half-fold in the second year. On the other hand, the total-ABA level in the Ako XIII loquat fruit variety decreased nearly three-fold in May, when fruit begin to ripen, in comparison to August, when morphological differentiation occurred and 3-fold in the second year.Öğe Levels of some endogenous plant hormones during the flowering period in loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.)(ASIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, 2008) Ersoy, Nilda; Kaynak, Lami; Kankaya, AbdullahChanges in the amount of endogenous phytohormones were determined in loquat flowers. Samples were chosen among flowers in the beginning bloom stage, full bloom stage and the end of the flowering period. Among these samples, amounts of free-, bound-and total-forms of some endogenous plant hormones (indole-3-acetic acid, gibberellic acid, abscisic acid, zeatin) were separated from plant extract and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography using a reversedphase C-18 column. According to the results, indole-3-acetic acid level did not change during the flowering period in Gold Nugget cultivar, but it was observed to be high in Akko XIII cultivar in the initiation of flowering period. Level of gibberellic acid in the flowers decreased from initiation of flowering period till the end of it. During flowering period abscisic acid level dramatically increased and reached its maximum, which indicates that abscisic acid might play an active role in flowering process. Zeatin was observed in high levels in both the initiation and the end of flowering period. Its level, however, was determined to be minimum at the full bloom stage.Öğe Mahlep (Prunus Mahaleb L.) Yeşil Uç Çeliklerinin Köklenmesi Üzerine Farklı Hormon ve Nispi Nem Uygulamalarının Etkisi(2008) Kalyoncu, İsmail Hakkı; Ersoy, Nilda; Aydın, MetinBu çalışmada, Konya İli Alaaddin Keykubat kampus alanında yetişen bir mahlep (Prunus mahaleb L.) tipinden erken Haziran (3 Haziran) tarihinde, yıllık sürgünlerinden alınarak hazırlanan yeşil uç çelikleri, “Sisleme Sisteminde” % 85-90 ve % 95-100 hava nispi nem ortamı, Indol-3-Butirik Asit’in (IBA) uygulanan 5 farklı konsantrasyonu (0, 500, 1500, 2500 ppm ve 3500 ppm) ve perlit (0.0-5.0 mm) köklendirme ortamında köklendirmeye tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırmada, dikilen mahlep çeliklerinin tümünün canlı kaldığı ve yüksek oranda köklendiği belirlenmiştir. Çeliklerde kalluşlanma en yüksek, % 95-100 nem seviyesindeki kontrol grubundan (% 41.50) elde edilmiştir. Köklenme oranı % 95-100 nem seviyesinde, 2500 ppm ve 3500 ppm doz uygulamalarından (% 100) elde edilmiştir. Çeliklerde köklenme yüzey uzunluğu, en fazla % 95-100 nem seviyesinde 3500 ppm doz uygulamasında (4.196 cm) belirlenmiştir. Kök sayısı bakımından, en yüksek değer % 95-100 nem seviyesindeki 3500 ppm doz uygulamasından (27.667 adet/çelik) elde edilmiştir. En uzun kök yine % 95-100 nem seviyesinde, 3500 ppm doz uygulamasından (5.958 cm), en kısa kök ise % 95-100 nem seviyesinde, 2500 ppm doz uygulamasından (0.204 cm) elde edilmiştir. Çeliklerde kök dallanması, yine en yüksek % 85-90 nem seviyesinde 3500 ppm doz uygulamasında (2.958 adet/çelik) belirlenmiştir. Mahlep yeşil çelik köklendirmesinde % 95-100 nem seviyesi, % 85-90 nem seviyesine göre daha yüksek değerler göstermiştir.Öğe Nursery growing in controlled greenhouse and orchard by using various grafting methods in some apple (Malus domestica L.) varieties(WFL PUBL, 2011) Koyuncu, Fatos; Ersoy, NildaThis research was carried out at the Selcuk University, Agricultural Faculty, Horticultural Department Research Areas in 2010 growing season. The aim of the research was to study the advantages of apple nursery growing controlled greenhouse rather than external environment. Scions of Fuji, Galaxy Gala, Golden Reinders, Pink Lady and Summer Red apple varieties were grafted by the whip grafting and chip budding techniques on M9 apple rootstocks. At the end of the research, grafting success in greenhouse was 88% and in the external environment 65%; height of the saplings in greenhouse was 24.929 cm and in external environment was 23.290 cm. Rootstock diameters were between 7.593-9.062 mm and scion diameters between 6.826-8.382 mm. Summer Red (100%) grafted with whip grafting technique in greenhouse and the Pink Lady (93%) grafted with whip grafting had the highest proportions of grafting success. Whip grafting was more successful than the chip budding both in greenhouse and the external environment.Öğe Physico-chemical and Nutritional Properties of Cornelian Cherry Fruits (Cornus mas L.) Grown in Turkey(ASIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, 2009) Kalyoncu, Ismail Hakki; Ersoy, Nilda; Yilmaz, MehmetIn present study, several physical, chemical, pomological and nutritional properties of cornelian cherry fruits (Cornus mas L.) selected from Konya region were determined. The cornelian cherry fruit mean weight, length, width and thickness were found to be 3.130 g, 21.15 mm, 15.5 mm, 15.35 mm, respectively. The seed of fruit mean weight, length, width and thickness were found to be 0.923 g, 14.5 mm. 6.77 mm, 6.2 rum, respectively. In addition to the levels of acidity, pH, total soluble solids, ratio (solids/acidity), texture, colour, tanin, total sugar, invert sugar and ascorbic acid were determined in fruits. Values of the acidity, pH, total soluble solids, ratio (solids/acidity), texture, colour, tanin, total sugar, invert sugar and ascorbic acid were found to be 1.983 mg/100g, 2.617, 15.600 mg/100.g, 7.883, 0.357 kg/cm(2), S60O70M90, 129.503 mg/L, 8.840 mg/100 mL, 7.130 mg/100 mL, 73,007 mg/100 mL, respectively. Studied of nutritional properties K (14300.984 ppm), Ca (1560.095 ppm), Mg (715.231 ppm), P (605.558 ppm) and S (436.754 ppm) were established as major minerals of the cornelian cherry fruits. Others were determined at minor levels. The highest minerals were K and Ca followed by Mg. P and S. On the other hand, some physical properties sphericity and aspect ratio for fruit and seed of cornelian chery fruit were found to be 80.573, 72.727 and 58.830, 46.710% respectively. True density, was found to be 1018.703 kg/m(3).Öğe Seleksiyon ıslahıyla belirlenen bir iğde (Elaeagnus angustifolia L.) tipinin yeşil uç çeliklerinin köklenmesi üzerine farklı hormon ve nem seviyeleri etkisinin araştırılması(2008) Kalyoncu, İsmail Hakkı; Ersoy, Nilda; Yılmaz, MehmetBu çalısmada, selekte edilmiş bir iğde (Eleagnus angustifolia L.) tipinden erken Haziranda, alınan yeşil uç çeliklerinin, “Sisleme Sisteminde” iki farklı hava nispi nem ortamı (% 85-90 ve % 95- 100), Indol-3-Butirik Asit’in (IBA) uygulanan 5 farklı konsantrasyonu (0, 500, 1500, 2500ppm ve 3500ppm) ve perlit köklendirme ortamının köklenmeleri üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Araştırmada, dikilen çeliklerin tümünün canlı kaldığı ve yüzde yüze varan oranda köklendigi belirlenmistir. Çeliklerde kalluslanma, en yüksek % 95-100 nem seviyesindeki 500 ppm doz uygulamasından (% 12.50) elde edilmistir. Köklenme oranı kontrol grubu dahil tüm uygulamalarda % 75.00’in üzerinde gerçeklesmis olup, en yüksek köklenme % 85-90 nem seviyesindeki ortamda kontrol, 500 ppm ve 1500 ppm doz uygulamalarından (% 100) elde edilmistir. IBA dozu ve nem artıslarının köklenmeyi artırmadıgı gözlenmistir. Çeliklerde köklenme yüzey uzunlugu, en fazla % 85-90 nem seviyesinde 500 ppm doz uygulamasında (2.563cm) belirlenmistir. Kök sayısı bakımından, en yüksek deger % 85-90 nem seviyesinde, 500 ppm doz uygulamasından (18.75 adet/çelik) elde edilmistir. Çeliklerde en uzun kök % 85-90 nem seviyesindeki kontrol grubundan (6.083cm), en kısa kök ise, % 95-100 nem seviyesindeki kontrol grubundan (0.323) elde edilmistir. Kök dallanması en yüksek % 85-90 nem seviyesindeki 500 ppm doz uygulamasında (8.083 adet/çelik) bulunmustur. İncelenen köklenme özellikleri dikkate alındıgında, igde yesil uç çeliklerinin kolay köklendigi belirlenmis olup, % 85-90 nispi nem seviyesindeki, kontrol grubu (% 100), 500 ppm (% 100) ve 1500 ppm IBA doz uygulamalarından en iyi köklenme özellikleri elde edilmiştir.Öğe Some endogenous hormones in loquat(ASIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, 2008) Ersoy, Nilda; Kaynak, Lami; Kankaya, AbdullahThis work was carried out grown in an orchard of Citrus and Greenhouse Research Institute in Antalya. Fruit samples were taken from loquat trees (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. cvs Gold Nugget and Akko XIII) on small, medium-size and ripe-fruit stages. Changes in the amounts of endogenous gibberellic acid (GA(3)), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA) and zeatin (Z) during these growth periods of the loquat. IAA, GA(3) ABA and Z were separated from plant extract and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a reversed-phase C-18 column. Analysis of hormones was performed on a separate basis for seed and pericarp and levels of these hormones were found. According to the results, total-IAA was found high level in fruit flesh and seed samples in the small and mature loquat fruits. GA(3) was low level in mature fruit but it was high in the seed samples in the same period. ABA level was found maximum in the small fruit in the both of the fruit flesh and seeds. Level of zeatin was found maximum in the small fruit's flesh and seeds.
