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Öğe Alterations of Serum Leptin Levels in Patients With Nonalcoholic Liver Cirrhosis(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006) Kayaçetin, Ertuğrul; Kısakol, Gürcan; Gönen, Sait; Dikbaş, Oğuz; Güngör, Kağan; Kayaçetin, Serra; Topcu, Cemile; Kaya, AhmetIn liver cirrhosis, nutritional status is quite impaired, and the current data has shown conflicting results in serum leptin levels of cirrhotic patients. In this study, we aimed to evaluate serum leptin levels in nonalcoholic liver cirrhosis and determine its relationship with anthropometric parameters and liver function. Thirty-three patients (13 males, 20 females) with nonalcoholic cirrhosis and 16 (9 males, 7 females) healthy control subjects were recruited for this study. Serum leptin values were measured in morning samples of both groups by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The mean levels of leptin were not different in nonalcoholic cirrhotic patients when compared with the control group (P = 0.478). Serum leptin values were positively correlated with prothrombin (international normalized ratio) (P = 0.008, r = 0.64) and total bilirubin (P = 0.047, r = 0.488) and were negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein (P = 0.025, r = 0.666) and albumin (P = 0.009, r = 0.615). No correlation was found between leptin levels and severity of the liver disease. These findings suggest leptin levels do not depend on the degree of liver damage in patients with nonalcoholic cirrhosis of the liver.Öğe Application of Cr(VI) Transport through the Polymer Inclusion Membrane with a New Synthesized Calix[4]arene Derivative(AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 2013) Kaya, Ahmet; Alpoğuz, Hamza Korkmaz; Yılmaz, AydanFacilitated transport of Cr(VI) ions from aqueous chromate donor phase (2.10(-4) kmol/m(3)) through polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) using a new synthesized 5,17-di-tert-butyl-11-piperidinomethyl-25,26,27,28-tetrahydroxycalix[4]arene (carrier), as ion carrier, has been investigated. The Cr(VI) passed through a PIM comprised of cellulose triacetate (CTA) as a support and 2-NPOE as a plasticizer. The prepared PIM was characterized with Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and the atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques as well as with contact angle measurements. The efficiency of Cr(VI) transport through the PIM was investigated by studying the effects of carrier concentration on the donor phase as well as by measuring the amount of plasticizer in the membrane, the pH in the acceptor phase, the effect of acid type in donor phase, and the membrane's stability and thickness. The kinetic parameters were calculated as permeability coefficient (P), flux (J), and diffusion coefficient (D). The transport efficiency of Cr(VI) was observed to be 99.38% after 6 h under optimized conditions. These results indicated that PIMs can be used in the long term for the removal of Cr(VI) from industrial waste waters.Öğe Bone and Calcium Metabolism in Subclinical Autoimmune Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism(Japan Endocrine Society, 2003) Kısakol, Gürcan; Kaya, Ahmet; Gönen, Sait; Tunç, RecepBone turnover is reported to increase in favour of resorption in overt hyperthyroidism and the rate of resorption is associated with the levels of thyroid hormones. Hypothyroidism, on the other hand, was shown to cause no disturbance of calcium kinetics and found to associate lower trabecular resorption surfaces and increased bone cortical thickness. Similar studies are very rare in subclinical thyroid disorders and consequently we aimed to examine calcium and bone metabolism in subclinical thyroid disorders. Thirteen patients with subclinical hyperthyroidism secondary to untreated Graves' disease, 20 patients with subclinical hypothyroidism and 10 healthy subjects participated in this survey. Briefly calcium, phosphorus, and creatinine (Cre), urinary deoxypyridinoline (U-DPD) and serum osteocalcin (OC) were measured as biochemical markers for calcium metabolism. Concerning serum Ca and phosphorus levels, there were no differences between three of the groups, but urinary Ca excretion was higher in subclinical hyperthyroid patients compared to control and hypothyroid subjects. Hypothyroid patients had similar U-DPD levels with control subjects (p = 0.218). Serum OC and U-DPD were higher in subclinical hyperthyroid compared to control subjects (p<0.001 and p<0.001 respectively). We demonstrated a higher bone turnover and greater calcium excretion in subclinical hyperthyroid patients. Additionally, we found that subclinical hypothyroidism is not associated with disturbed calcium metabolism. As persistent increase in bone turnover is responsible for accelerated bone loss, patients with Graves' disease may have increased risk for osteoporosis.Öğe Contrast Media-enhanced Power Doppler Sonography for Evaluation of Hemangiomas and Malignant Tumors in the Liver(BLACKWELL PUBLISHING ASIA, 2003) Karabacakoğlu, Aydın; Karaköse, Serdar; Cil, Ahmet said; Kaya, AhmetAim: To evaluate the characterization of liver hemangiomas and malignant tumors using power Doppler sonography before and after intravenous injection of a sonocontrast agent. Methods: Forty-five patients with 57 liver tumors (22 hemangiomas, 24 metastases, 10 hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) and one cholangiocellular carcinoma) were examined prospectively. The distribution (peripheral, central, mosaic) and extent (none, minimal, moderate and strong) of intratumoral flow pattern in each sonographic examination was subjectively classified. Results: The administration of the sonocontrast agent by bolus injection caused enhancement to gradually increase up to 2 min and lasted for 4-5 min. After injection of contrast agent, flow signals appeared or increased in 34 tumors. No signal enhancement was observed in 18 hemangiomas, four metastases and one HCC. The sensitivity and specificity of intratumoral vascularity for the detection of malignant liver tumors was 37.1 and 90.9% for unenhanced power Doppler sonography, and 85.7 and 81.8% for contrast-enhanced power Doppler sonography, respectively. Conclusion: Contrast-enhanced power Doppler sonography is superior to unenhanced power Doppler sonography in the demonstration of malignant tumor vascularity, and is helpful in differentiating between hemangiomas and malignant liver tumors. A specific flow pattern within the tumor is not established in primary and metastatic malignant tumors with contrast-enhanced power Doppler sonography. (C) 2003 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.Öğe Do We Need to Replace GH to Correct Anemia in Hypopituitarism?(ENDOCRINE SOC, 2014) Kulaksizoglu, Mustafa; Ipekci, Suleyman Hilmi; Gonulalan, Gulsum; Ozturk, Mine; Kaya, Ahmet; Gonen, Mustafa Sait; Cakir, Mehtap[Abstract not Available]Öğe Epidemiologic survey: reference ranges of serum insulin-like growth factor 1 levels in Caucasian adult population with immunoradiometric assay(SPRINGER, 2011) Bayram, Fahri; Gedik, Vedia Tonyukuk; Demir, Ozgur; Kaya, Ahmet; Gundogan, Kursat; Emral, Rifat; Ozturk, AhmetGender, age adjusted, population based reference ranges are necessary to use insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) as a diagnostic marker or for therapeutic monitoring in growth hormone (GH) related diseases. The aim of the present study was to describe the serum IGF-1 distribution and to calculate age and gender specific reference values for Caucasian adult population. A representative sample of 1002 male and 1039 female, totally 2041 participants aged above 18 years old was examined. The subjects suffering from diabetes mellitus, renal diseases, liver diseases, cancer, or diseases of pituitary gland were excluded by medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. The subjects were not using any drug that could affect IGF-1 levels. Body mass index (BMI) >30 or <18 kg/m(2) were excluded. Serum IGF-1 concentrations were determined by immunoradiometric assay (IRMA). Serum IGF-1 concentrations were declined with age in both males and females after the age of 18. Males had significantly higher serum IGF-1 levels than females in the age groups 18-24, 50-69 (P < 0.05), but not in others (P > 0.05). The present study established age and gender specific reference ranges for serum IGF-1 levels calculated for Caucasian adult population with IRMA that could be used in medical practice.Öğe Facilitated supported liquid membrane transport of Hg2+ using calix[4] arene derivatives(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2007) Alpoğuz, Hamza Korkmaz; Kaya, Ahmet; Memon, Shahabuddin; Yılmaz, MustafaThe transport behavior of Hg2+ from aqueous solution through a flat-sheet supported liquid membrane has been investigated by the use of calix[ 4] arene derivatives ( 1 and 2) as carriers and Celgard 2400 and Celgard 2500 as the solid support. The effect of solvent type and anions such as chloride and nitrate ions on the transport of Hg2+ was examined. A Danesi mass transfer model was used to calculate the permeability coefficients for each parameter studied. The highest values of permeability were obtained with 2-nitrophenyloctyl-ether (NPOE) solvent and the influence was found to be in the order of NPOE. chloroform. xylene. The transport efficiency on the liquid membrane transport was dependent on the type of solvent, anion, and carrier.Öğe Facilitated Transport of Cr(VI) Through a Bulk Liquid Membrane Containing P-tert-Butylcalix[4]arene Amine Derivative as a Carrier(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2010) Alpoğuz, Hamza Korkmaz; Kaya, Ahmet; Tabakçı, Begüm; Yılmaz, AydanThe facilitated transport of Cr(VI) through a bulk liquid membrane (BLM) is investigated, using the by p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene amine derivative as mobile carrier. The transport efficiency of Cr(VI) by p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene amine derivative was investigated under various experimental conditions such as the influence of pH on the donor and the acceptor phase, effect of Cr(VI) and carrier concentration, the type of solvent, the stirring speed, and the temperature. The kinetic parameters (k1, k2, [image omitted], tmax, [image omitted], [image omitted]) were calculated for the interface reactions assuming two consecutive, irreversible first order reactions. The activation energy values are calculated as 5.94 and 12.51kJ mol-1 for extraction and reextraction, respectively. The values of the calculated activation energy indicate that the process is diffusionally controlled by species.Öğe Familial Hiperlipidemik Bir Hastada Gebelikte Tekrarlayan Akut Pankreatit Olgusu(2002) Polat, Hakkı; Çetinkaya, Figen; Küçükkartallar, Fatih; Yeksan, Mehdi; Kaya, AhmetFamilial hipertrigliseridemili gebelerde lipitlerin biyokimyasal değerleri büyük oranda artmakta ve akut pankreatite yol açarak anne ve fetus için fatal sonuçlar doğurabilmektedir. Erken teşhis konulduğunda bu hastalarda diyet ve plazma exchange uygulamaları gibi yaklaşımlarla akut pankreatit gelişimine engel olmak mümkün gözükmektedir.1966 yılından bu yana 21 vaka bildirilmiştir. Nadir görülen böyle bir vakayı kliniğimizde ikinci kez tespit ederek, yayınlamayı uygun bulduk.Öğe Farklı kesit genişlemeli geometrilerin klima santralleri için tasarlanan bir anemostat tip difüzörlü boş hücredeki akışa etkisinin sayısal olarak incelenmesi(Selçuk Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi, 2018) Kamer, Muhammed Safa; Sönmez, Kerim; Kaya, AhmetKlima santrallerinde kullanılan fanların çıkış kesit alanı, fandan sonra gelen ısıtma/soğutma bataryaları, susturucu, filtre, karışım odası veya ısı geri kazanım vb. hücrelerin kesit alanından küçüktür. Klima santralinin verimli bir şekilde çalışabilmesi için fanın üflediği havanın bir sonraki hücreye mümkün olan en düşük basınç düşüşü ve homojen hız dağılımı ile yayılması gerekir. Küçük bir kesit alanından çıkan havayı daha büyük bir kesit alanına yaymak için difüzörler kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, havanın boş hücrede daha kısa mesafede homojen dağılımını sağlamak için hem boş hücredeki kesit genişlemesinin yapısı hem de giriş kesitinde kullanılan difüzör yapısının etkisi sayısal olarak incelenmiştir. Boş hücrenin kesit genişlemesinin yapısının akış üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek amacıyla 5 farklı geometri (kare geometrili ani kesit genişlemesi, 45° iki yandan kesik geometrili kesit genişlemesi, 45° dört yandan kesik geometrili kesit genişlemesi, 15° iki yandan kesik geometrili kesit genişlemesi, 15° dört yandan kesik geometrili kesit genişlemesi) oluşturulmuştur. Difüzör yapısı olarak da düz (piramit yüksekliği = 0 mm) ve piramit (piramit yüksekliği = 30, 60 mm) şekilli anemostat tip difüzör kullanılmıştır. 80° kanat açısındaki üç farklı yükseklikte anemostat tipi difüzörün kullanıldığı beş farklı kesit genişlemesinin boş hücredeki basınç düşümüne ve hız dağılımına etkisi sayısal olarak araştırılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, 45° dört yandan kesik geometrili kesit genişlemesine sahip boş hücrede en düşük basınç düşümü elde edilmiştir ve ayrıca difüzör piramit yüksekliğinin artmasıyla da basınç düşümünün azaldığı belirlenmiştir. 45° dört yandan kesik geometrili kesit genişlemesine sahip boş hücre içinde homojen hava akışının 80° kanat açısındaki anemostat tipi difüzörlerde h=0 ve 30 mm piramit yüksekliklerinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir.Öğe Gastric Emptying in Subclinical Hyperthyroidism(Maghira & Maas Publications, 2003) Kısakol, Gürcan; Kayaçetin, Ertuğrul; Sarı, Oktay; Kaya, AhmetINTRODUCTION AND AIM: About 15% of hyperthyroid patients suffer from gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, constipation, nausea and early satiety the problem. Published reports on the topic of gastric emptying in hyperthyroidism are rare and discrepant in their results. PATIENTS AND M ETHODS: Thirteen patients (8 women, 5 male; aged 41.92+/-1.491 SE yr) with a recently established diagnosis of subclinical hyperthyroidism due to Graves-Basedow disease and as control group 10 age-matched healthy subject (7 women, 3 male; 39.6+/-2.918 SE yrs) participated in this study. Scintigraphic method (food labeled with Tc-99m sulfur colloid) was used for measurement of gastric emptying. RESULTS: Gastric emptying time was similar in both subclinical hyperthyroid and control groups (p=0.413). DISCUSSION: There are few studies on the subject of gastric emptying in hyperthyroidism with either delayed emptying or with emptying time similar to controls. In the only one study in subclinical hyperthyroidism, gastric emptying was found to be delayed. We also found that gastric emptying was delayed in subclinical hyperthyroidism. On the basis of this and other studies, we may suggest that in subclinical hyperthyroidism, gastric emptying of solids were similar to that in age-matched healthy control subjects and gastrointestinal dysfunction is dependent on severity of the hyperthyroid state and might be a result of impaired neuro-hormonal regulation. Yet the data must be supported on larger groups.Öğe Geleceğin Muhasebecilerinin Teknoloji Kabullerinin Tespitine İlişkin Bir Araştırma(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2022) Kaya, Ahmet; Koca, Nurettin; Hatunoğlu, ZeynepBilgi teknolojisindeki gelişmeler diğer tüm alanlarda olduğu gibi muhasebe ve denetim alanında da; yazılım muhasebesi, bulut muhasebesi, robotik süreç otomasyonu ve yapay zekâ kullanımını artırmaktadır. Bu gelişmelerin bir sonucu olarak işverenlerin yakın gelecekte yeni işe alımlarda bu teknolojileri kullanabilen bireyleri tercih etmeleri beklenmektedir. Gelecekte muhasebe mesleğini yapacak olanların bu teknolojileri kullanmaya istekli ve yatkın olmaları önem arz etmektedir. Bu bağlamdan çalışma, geleceğin muhasebecileri olan üniversite öğrencilerinin muhasebe alanında yapay zekâ kullanımına yönelik eğilimlerini teknoloji hazırlık ve teknoloji kabul modeli aracılığıyla tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla Akdeniz Üniversitesi’nde ön lisans düzeyinde eğitim alan muhasebe bölümü öğrencilerine anket uygulanmıştır. Çalışma sonunda öğrencilerin teknoloji hazırlığını benimseme düzeylerinin, algıladıkları faydayı ve algıladıkları kullanım kolaylığı üzerinde doğrudan bir etkisinin olduğu, aynı zamanda algıladıkları kullanım kolaylığı ve tutumlarının, yapay zekâ teknolojilerini benimseme düzeylerini doğrudan etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca kadın ve erkeklerin yapay zekâ teknolojilerini benimseme düzeylerinin birbirine oldukça yakın olduğu ve cinsiyet değişkeni açısından bir farklılık olmadığı da anlaşılmıştır.Öğe Hipotiroidili hastalarda von Willebrand faktör düzeyleri(2004) Kurtoğlu, Erdal; Uğur, Ayşegül; Kaya, AhmetEdinsel von-Willebrand sendromu (EvWS) daha önce hemostatik açıdan tümüyle normal olan kişilerde ortaya çıkan bir hastalıktır. Etyolojide önemli olan hastalıklardan birisi olarak hipotiroidi belirtilmektedir. Biz çalışmamızda hipotroidi tanısı almış 18 hastada von Willebrand faktör düzeyini inceleyerek sağlıklı kişilerle karşılaştırdık. Hipo-tiroidili hastalarda von Willebrand düzeyinin anlamlı olarak daha düşük olduğunu tespit ettik (p 0.05). Hipotiroidi tanısı konulmuş bütün olgularda EvWS'u olabileceği bu hastalara biyopsi uygulamaları öncesinde mutlaka düşünülmelidir.Öğe Kinetic analysis of chromium(VI) ions transport through a bulk liquid membrane containing p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene dioxaoctylamide derivative(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2008) Yılmaz, Aydan; Kaya, Ahmet; Alpoğuz, Hamza Korkmaz; Ersöz, Mustafa; Yılmaz, MustafaA kinetic study of chromate ions (Cr(2)O(7)(2-)) transport from an aqueous donor phase into an aqueous acceptor phase through a bulk liquid membrane containing p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene dioxaoctylamide derivative as a carrier was studied. The influence of pH on donor and acceptor phase, effect of chromate and carrier concentration, type of solvent, stirring speed and temperature were investigated. The kinetic parameters (k(1), k(2), R(m)(max), t(max), J(d)(max), J(a)(max)) were calculated for the interface reactions assuming two consecutive, irreversible first-order reactions. The activation energy values are calculated as 16.89 and 10.34 kJ mol(-1) for extraction and reextraction, respectively. The values of calculated activation energy indicate that the process is diffusionally controlled by chromate ions. The experiments demonstrated that p-tert-butylcalix [4]arene dioxaoctylamide derivative is a good carrier for Cr(VI) transport through liquid membranes in this study. (C) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V.Öğe Kinetic study of Hg2+ transport through a liquid membrane containing calix[4]arene dinitrile oligomer as carrier(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2005) Alpoğuz, Hamza Korkmaz; Kaya, Ahmet; Memon, Shahabuddin; Yılmaz, MustafaIn this article, calix[4]arene dinitrile-oligomer (1) carrier was used as a carrier to transport Hg2+ ions from an aqueous solution into an aqueous receiving solution. The kinetic parameters (k(1), k(2), M-m(max), t(max) J(d)(max), J(a)(max)) were investigated with a temperature influence, solvent, and stirring rate, and analyzed in the formation of two consecutive, irreversible first order reactions. The membrane entrance rate, k(1), and the membrane exit rate, k2, constants were increased with the temperature and stirring rate, and found to be dependent on the solvent type in order to CH2Cl2 > CHCl3 > CCl4. For the maximum membrane exit flux, J(a)(max) the activation energy was found from the slope of the linear Arrhenius relationship to be 4.78 kcal/mol, which indicates that the process is controlled by species diffusion.Öğe Klinik ve Subklinik Hipertiroidide Tedavi Öncesi ve Sonu Kan Lipid Düzeyleri(2003) Kaya, Ahmet; Kısakol, Gürcan; Uluer, BeyhanHipertiroidide plazma lipid düzeylerinin değişik derecelerde etkilendiği bilindiği halde, subklinik hipertiroidide etkileşimin olup olmadığı ya da nasıl olduğu açıkça belli değildir. Çalışmamızda aşikar klinik ve subklinik hipertiroidi tanısı olan hastalarda tedavi öncesi ve sonrası serum lipid düzeyleri incelendi. Tedavi öncesi değerler sağlıklı kontrol grubu ve tedavi sonu hasta grubu ile istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırıldı. Hipertiroidi saptanan grupta total kolesterol, LDL - kolesterol ve trigliserid düzeyleri anlamlı olarak düşük bulundu. Apoprotein A, apoprotein B, lipoprotein (a) ve HDL - kolesterol değerleri farklı bulunmadı. Hipertiroidik hastalar ötiroid hale geldikten sonra total kolesterol, HDL ve LDL kolesterol düzeyleri anlamlı olarak arttı. Subklinik hipertiroidide tedavi öncesi trigliserid değerleri kontrol grubunun değerlerinden düşük bulundu. Tedavi sonrası total kolesterol, HDL ve LDL kolesterolde artış gözlendi. Çalışmamız sonunda aşikar ve subklinik hipertiroidide tedavi öncesi ve sonrası lipid düzeylerinin etkilendiği saptanmıştır.Öğe Klinik ve subklinik hipotiroidide tedavi öncesi ve sonu kan lipid düzeyleri(2004) Kaya, Ahmet; Kısakol, Gürcan; Uluer, BeyhanAşikar tiroid hastalıklarında kardiyovaskuler sistem ve lipid parametrelerinin etkilendiği bilinmektedir. Subklinik tiroid hastaliklarında ise değişik çalışmalarda farklı sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Çalışmamizda, klinik ve subklinik hipotiroidi saptanan hastalarda tedavi öncesi ve sonrasi lipid düzeyleri incelenerek sonuçlar sağlıklı kontrol grubu değerleri ile karşılaştırıldı. Subklinik hipotiroidide serum lipid değerleri kontrol grubundan farkli bulunmadi. Aşikar hipotiroidide ise total kolesterol, LDL - kolesterol ve apoprotein A değerleri kontrol grubuna gore anlamlı olarak yüksek bulundu. Hipotiroidi ve kontrol grubunda HDL- kolesterol, trigliserid, Lp(a) ve apo B değerleri arasinda farklılık gözlenmedi. Hastalar otiroid hale geldikten sonra subklinik hipotiroidide HDL - kolesterol duzeylerinde artış, hipotiroidide ise LDL - kolesterol düzeyleri azalmiş olarak bulundu. Bu bulguların ışığında klinik ve subklinik hipotiroidi durumlarında hasta takip ve tedavisinde lipid duzeylerinin ölçümü de önemlidir.Öğe Konya ilinde sağlıklı bireylerin demografik özelliklerine ve antropometrik ölçümlerine göre lipid düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi(CUKUROVA UNIV, FAC MEDICINE, 2019) Kıraç, Cem Onur; Akşan, Serkan; Kaya, AhmetPurpose: The aim of this study was to determine serum lipid values of healthy individuals who applied to our internal medicine outpatient clinics in Konya and to compare these values with demographic factors and show their relationship with anthropometric measurements. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 healthy 18 individuals over 18 years of age who applied to internal medicine outpatient clinics were included in the study. Their anthropometric measurements were performed their demographic characteristics were questioned. In addition, total cholesterol(TC), low density lipoprotein(LDL), triglyceride(TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), apolipoprotein A- 1 (Apo A-1), apolipoprotein B(Apo B) and lipoprotein (a) levels were studied from their blood samples. Results: Two hundred healthy volunteers, including 123 women and 77 men were participated in our study. TC levels were 183 +/- 40 mg/dl, LDL level 112 +/- 34 mg/dl, TG level 112 +/- 61 mg/dl, HDL level 47 +/- 11mg/dl, Apo A-1 level 133 +/- 22 mg/dl, Apo B level 79 +/- 22 mg/dl Lp(a) level 19 +/- 12 mg/dl. HDL and Apo B levels were higher in women however TG and TC/HDL ratio was significantly higher in males. Thirty one percent of participants had hypercholesterolemia (>= 200 mg/dl), 27% had increased levels of LDL (>= 130 mg/dl). TK, LDL and Apo B levels were significantly increasing with age. Conclusion: When we compared the extensive studies which were carried out in Turkey, lower TC, LDL, TG and higer HDL levels were detected in our study.Öğe Low Serum Total Thyroxine and Free Triiodothyronine in Patients With Hepatic Encephalopathy Due to Non-Alcoholic Cirrhosis(E M H Swiss Medical Publishers Ltd, 2003) Karaçetin, Ertuğrul; Kısakol, Gürcan; Kaya, AhmetPrinciples: We evaluated serum thyroid hormone levels in non-alcoholic cirrhotic patients with and without hepatic encephalopathy. Methods: 15 consecutive patients with hepatic encephalopathy secondary to non-alcoholic cirrhosis (8 males and 7 females, age 3 7-7 5 years) and 33 non-alcoholic cirrhotic patients without encephalopathy (22 males and 11 females, age 36-74 years) were investigated. A control group consisted of 2 0 healthy subjects (10 men and 10 women aged 26-69 years). The levels of serum triiodothyronine (T-3), thyroxine (T-4), thyrotropin (TSH), free T-3 (FT3) and free T-4 (FT4) were studied in serum samples drawn in the morning. Thyroid function tests were set in relation to the severity of hepatic dysfunction and to the presence or absence of hepatic encephalopathy. Results: Serum levels of FT3 and total T-4 (but not total T-3 and FT4) were significantly lower in patients with hepatic encephalopathy compared to decompensated cirrhotic patients without encephalopathy (p = 0.006 for T-4, P <0.05 for FT3). Prothrombin-time also differed significantly between decompensated cirrhotic patients (Child C) with and without encephalopathy groups (p 0.002). Conclusions: These results suggest that patients with hepatic encephalopathy secondary to decompensated non-alcoholic cirrhosis are typified by low FT3 and low total T-4, as well as by a prolonged prothrombin time. Low FT3 does not obviously put patients at risk for hepatic encephalopathy, and thyroid parameters are secondary and late events.Öğe Metabolic syndrome prevalence according to ATP III and IDF criteria and related factors in Turkish adults(TERMEDIA PUBLISHING HOUSE LTD, 2013) Gundogan, Kursat; Bayram, Fahri; Gedik, Vedia; Kaya, Ahmet; Karaman, Ahmet; Demir, Ozgur; Sabuncu, TevfikIntroduction: The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components according to Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria and the risk factors affecting MS. Metabolic syndrome prevalence was evaluated according to certain quintet age groups, altitude, location and demographic features. Material and methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey conducted in 24 provinces from the 7 regions of Turkey. A total of 4309 adults from 7 regions participated in the study (1947 males, 45.2%). Results: The mean age of participants was 47 +/- 14 years. Metabolic syndrome prevalence was found as 36.6% according to ATP III and 44.0% according to IDF The MS rate was found to be higher in females compared to males in both groups (p < 0.01). According to both criteria, MS prevalence was found to be higher in subjects who lived in coastal regions when evaluated according to altitude and in subjects who lived in district centers when evaluated according to location. The MS risk is 1.62-fold higher in females compared to males. Metabolic syndrome risk increases as age increases and is highest in the 61-65 age group. Metabolic syndrome risk increases 2.75-fold in the overweight compared to normal weighing subjects and 7.80-fold in the obese. Conclusions: Metabolic syndrome prevalence was found to be high in Turkey according to both criteria. Metabolic syndrome prevalence increases as age and body mass index (BMI) increase. Age, female gender and obesity are independent risk factors for MS development.
